探析英诗的衔接与连贯(2)
2016-01-10 01:00
导读:A rainbow in the sky; So was it when my life began; So is it now I am a man; So be it when I shall grow old, Or let me die! The Child is father of the Man; And I could wish my days to be Bound each to
A rainbow in the sky;
So was it when my life began;
So is it now I am a man;
So be it when I shall grow old,
Or let me die!
The Child is father of the Man;
And I could wish my days to be Bound each to each by natural piety.
其中三个 “so be it”句式将人生的三个阶段,初生、成年和老年联结起来,和结尾一句中的“my days to be Bound each to each(将我生涯的每个日子串联起来)”形成呼应,同时也表现出诗人强烈的心跳节奏,使整首诗的意义和情感形成一个连贯的整体。
3.节奏与音韵衔接
诗歌的音乐性主要表现在节奏和音韵上,并常通过格律实现其衔接。一首诗往往包含若干诗节或诗行,每行又由若干音步组成,音步则是通过重读和非重读音节按照一定规则排列而成的。英诗的节奏格式依照重读音节(扬)和非重读音节(抑)的排列可分为抑扬格(×/)、扬抑格(/×)、扬抑抑格(/××)、抑抑扬格(××/)、抑扬抑格(×/×)等[4] 。不同的节奏格式可为诗歌渲染出不同的气氛,如抑扬格常表现庄重,铿锵有力的节奏,如丁尼生的《鹰》中的第一节:
×/×/× /×/
He clasps the crag with crooked hands;
× / × / × /× /
Close to the sun in lonely lands,
× /×/×/× /
Ringed with a zure world, he stands
而抑抑扬格则多表达凝重、忧郁的情绪。爱伦·坡为悼念其亡妻所作的《安娜贝尔·李》采用的就是抑抑扬格,营造出哀婉回环的旋律。如诗中最后两句:
× ×