关于壳聚糖及其衍生物的医药的研究进展(2)
2013-08-20 01:05
导读:2.2温敏水凝胶 凝胶类的医用在物缓释和组织工程领域日益引人注目。通过温度改变,使溶液原位发生凝胶化转变,形成温敏水凝胶,是最近研究的热点。
2.2温敏水凝胶
凝胶类的医用在物缓释和组织工程领域日益引人注目。通过温度改变,使溶液原位发生凝胶化转变,形成温敏水凝胶,是最近研究的热点。近年来研究发现,通过加入碱性盐、含羟基聚合物或对壳聚糖进行衍生化和接枝反应,可得到具有温度敏感性的壳聚糖基凝胶。溶液在生理pH(7.0)及室温下保持溶液状态,而在温度升至体温(37 ℃)时迅速凝胶化。壳聚糖基温敏凝胶的制备条件简便温和,可避免
有机化学试剂及其它有害的物质,具有巨大的应用前景。
Gupta等[13]研究了一种温度和pH介导的壳聚糖在位凝胶系统,用于眼部药物连续传递。该系统由普卢兰尼克F-127和壳聚糖作为凝胶剂,在温度35 ℃和pH 6.9~7.0转变为凝胶。该系统能够显著提高药物透角膜的传递、延长药物的存留时间。该系统可成为治疗青光眼和其他眼部疾病的传统滴眼液的新选择。Fang等[14]对比了含有聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)(PNIPAAm)、壳聚糖(CPN)和透明质酸/壳聚糖(CPNHA)的三种温敏水凝胶作为注射载体用于药物传递的情况以及体内的药效学,研究发现三种凝胶均可以延长药物(环丁甲羟氢吗啡, 吲哚美辛和环丁甲羟氢吗啡前药)的释放。亲水性药物环丁甲羟氢吗啡在三种凝胶中的释药顺序为CPN<CPNHA<PNIPAAm。动物注射环丁甲羟氢吗啡的CPN凝胶和CPNHA凝胶可以延长环丁甲羟氢吗啡的镇痛时间,但对镇痛起效时间没有影响;在三种凝胶中CPNHA凝胶的镇痛持续时间(4 h)最长。Schuetz [15]研制了一种可注射用的新型的温敏壳聚糖水凝胶。该凝胶由壳聚糖和游离磷酸盐多元醇或多糖作为凝胶剂,海藻糖或甘露醇作为稳定剂。高压灭菌和稳定性是温敏水凝胶在制剂方面的两大难题,但该凝胶在上述两方面均可以满足注射用水凝聚的要求。
(科教范文网 lw.nseaC.Com编辑发布) 综上所述,壳聚糖是一类具有良好生物相容性的生物材料,在药物、品和药物载体开发领域有着广阔的应用前景和空间。
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