Cultural Background Knowledge and English Teaching(4)
2013-11-24 01:41
导读:aseandmustresorttofierylanguage,ratherthanrelyonfactsandreasoning. Besidesthethreepointsofdifferencesmentionedabove,thereareothers.Ifwecouldn’tbeacquaintedwiththesedifferences,wewouldnotwriteastanda
ase and must resort to fiery language, rather than rely on facts and reasoning.
Besides the three points of differences mentioned above, there are others. If we couldn’t be acquainted with these differences, we would not write a standard English composition.
From what had been said, it is clear that cultural background knowledge is necessary in language teaching. Teachers should help students to solve the difficulties in language as well as in culture. Thus, further improve our quality of teaching.
It is not easy to teach cultural background knowledge. Firstly, teachers must be acquainted with the differences between the two linguistic cultures. Teachers can provide cultural information, as well as make students express themselves correctly in different occasions, and the latter is more important.
Firstly teaching material is important. A proportion of foreign material and authentic material should be used, especially dialogues, because it’s more authentic and reflects cultural behavior followed by speakers. Authentic material refers to material selected from authentic activities concerning social factors. Next, teachers should explain cultural factors involved in the material with purpose. Below is a dialogue between two English persons:
(科教作文网http://zw.ΝsΕac.cOM编辑)
Helen: Hello, Susan.
Susan: Hello. I’m going to get a magazine and some chocolate. Would you like to go with me?
Helen: OK. Let’s go to that newsagent in the corner. I want some cigarettes.
Susan: I want to go to the one down the road. I’ve got to send off this parcel and there is a post-office in that one.
This dialogue tells us in England some newsagent’s shops not only sell sweets and cigarettes, but also install post office where people can send off letters and parcels. But in China, there are not such shops. If teachers don’t give the explanations, students may feel puzzled.
Secondly, encourage students to read extensively, including novels, magazines, and newspapers etc. To most Chinese learners, acquisition of knowledge of western culture, mainly depend on reading material, while literal works is the most rich material through which we can know something about a people’s psychology, cultural characters, customs and habits, social relations etc. Teachers should guide students to accumulate relative cultural background knowledge when reading material. Through enormous reading, students’ understanding of culture will become ripe and complete.
(转载自http://zw.NSEAC.com科教作文网) Thirdly, in the classroom, teacher should pay attention to proper language forms as well as suitable use of language. One way of classroom teaching is to ask students to make similar dialogues to the text. A student inevitably needs to play a role and carry on a conversation according to a certain role. Teacher should attract the student’s attention to his role and point out his expressions which are improper for his character or the occasion. Furthermore, remind students to pay attention to details such as pronunciation, intonation, countenance wording, gesture etc.
Fourthly, use good native English videotapes and films in teaching, and then organize discussions. When watching videotapes or seeing a film, students and teachers should pay much attention to the scene of daily life, such as conversations between shopkeepers and clients, dialogues on the telephone, chat in the street, etc. After that, teachers and students may exchange views and replenish each other.
Fifthly, encourage students to communicate with native English speakers. But so far, we haven’t carried out such activities enough. In contact with native speakers, students can be deeply impressed by the differences between two cultures at first hand. Moreover, in such relaxed conversations, students can learn much knowledge, which cannot be learned in the classroom.
(科教范文网 fw.nseac.com编辑发布)
Sixthly, hold some lectures about cultures and customs, comparing Chinese culture with western culture.
In teaching, teachers should attach importance to cultural differences and study these differences. As English teachers, we should not only help students to learn a foreign language, but also to learn social and cultural background knowledge. Only so, students can widen their knowledge and thus further learn English well. ( 4,168)
Bibliography
I. Books in English:
Deng Yanchang, and Liu Runqing, Language and Culture, Foreign Language Teaching & Research Press, Beijing, 1989
Liu Daoyi, and N. J. H. Grant, Junior English for China, People’s Education Press, Beijing, 1994
II. Books in Chinese:
胡文仲 《与交际》,教学与研究出版社,北京,1994
贾冠杰 《
外语学》,广西教育出版社,广西, 1996
王才仁 《教学交际论》,广西教育出版社,广西,1996
王福祥、吴汗樱 《文化与》,外语教学与研究出版社,北京,1994
III. Dictionaries:
(转载自http://zw.NSEAC.com科教作文网)
Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English with Chinese Translation, 3rd edition, Oxford University Press, London, 1984
The Oxford Dictionary of English Proverbs, Oxford University Press, London, 1970