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北京某高校教工主要慢性病患病状况及危险因素

2014-08-25 01:07 北京某高校教工主要慢性病患病状况及危险因素调查 ［摘要］ 目的 通过研究某高校教工慢性病患病现况及其相关的危险因素，了解高校教职工的慢性病患病及其危险因素的特点，为改善高校职工的健康提供科学依据。方法 对2002～2004年连续三年都参加全面体检的1005名教职工，采用问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查的方法，了解主要慢性病患病情况和相关危险因素。结果 研究结果显示调查人群主要慢性病患病率由高到低顺序依次为：血脂异常、脂肪肝、高血压、肥胖、糖尿病、冠心病、脑卒中。调查对象超重组和肥胖组高血压和高甘油三酯血症的患病率均明显高于正常组，而超重组糖尿病和高胆固醇血症的患病率高于正常组。结论 应该将慢性病管理的重点放在超重、肥胖、血脂异常和高血压等高危人群的干预和相应的健康教育上来。

［关键词］ 高校教职工；慢性病；危险因素

Study on the prevalence of chronic diseases and their risk factors for staffs in a university in Beijing

XU Qin，XIAO Ying，ZHAO Wen-hua，et al.Hospital of Tsinghua University，Beijing 100084，China

［Abstract］ Objective To provide scientific basis of improving the teaching and administrative staffs’ health of a university，the prevalence of chronic diseases and their risk factors for faculty in an university were studied.Methods An investigation from 2002 to 2004 was conducted by the method of physical examination and questionnaire among 1005 staffs of an university.By employing SPSS10.0，the risk factors to chronic diseases as well as the variance of the chronic diseases were analyzed on the basis of the database obtained from the results.Results In the people investigated，the order of the prevalence was hypertension，hyperlipidemia，obesity，diabetes，coronary heart disease and cerebral apoplexy.The prevalence of high blood pressure and hypercholesterolemia for the overweight and obesity people were evidently higher than that of normal people.The morbidity rates of diabetes and hypercholesterolemia in overweight group were more than that in normal group.The prevalence of diabetes，hypercholesterolemia in obesity group were higher than that in normal group.Conclusion It should be emphasized the hygienic management of health education and intervention on treatment for obesity and reduction of blood pressure and blood fat index in the university.

［Key words］ staffs in university;chronic disease;risk factor

据世界卫生组织预测，至2020年，慢性非传染性疾病将占我国死亡原因的79%，其中心血管，病将占首位［1］。随着医学模式的转变，以特殊人群为对象研究健康与疾病问题，寻找保护和增进人类健康的途径已经成为现代医学研究的方向。知识分子作为从事脑力劳动的主体人群，他们在科研、教育、卫生、金融等战线已成为技术骨干力量，他们慢性疾病的患病情况有着其固有的特点，同时与慢性疾病相关的危险因素也值得我们关注。因此了解高校中知识分子的健康状况，并提高他们的健康水平已成为当前社会一项十分重要的事情。希望通过本次研究可以为今后对高校知识分子的慢性病进行预防和管理提供科学依据，以达到改善他们健康状况的目的。有鉴于此，我们于2004年对某高校的教职工进行了一次慢性病及其危险因素的调查。现将此次调查结果报告如下。