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胰岛β细胞具有兴奋性,其动作电位的去极化由Ca2+电流所致,复极化由电压依赖性K+电流所致[9]. 正常胰岛β细胞具有典型的动作电位,而木黄酮处理组细胞的动作电位幅度减小,其主要原因很可能是电压依赖性钙电流的减小. 复极化过程严重受损也是动作电位幅度减小的一个原因. 木黄酮处理的胰岛β细胞在动作电位间期的膜电位不能维持于-40 mV左右,而是逐渐升高,这说明电压依赖性钾电流在木黄酮处理的胰岛β细胞上减小. 这种变化必然减弱葡萄糖刺激的细胞内Ca2+升高和胰岛素分泌的过程. 可见,木黄酮长期处理可以减弱小鼠胰岛β细胞上多种电流,并损害葡萄糖的代谢过程,从而损害小鼠胰岛β细胞中葡萄糖引起的刺激分泌偶联过程. 这提示蛋白酪氨酸激酶活性降低可能是胰岛β细胞功能障碍的重要原因.
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