收费高速公路网络入口流量控制的研究

摘   要
本文主要研究如何利用双层模型来研究收费高速公路网的入口流量控制问题。其目的是为了避免高速公路网发生交通拥挤，提高高速公路网的使用效率及实现社会效益的最大化，同时考虑道路使用者根据出行成本最小而做出的路径选择行为。
本文首先简要地回顾了交通分配模型及其求解算法，交通控制方法及联网收费系统。接着，本文考虑了路网管理者和用户在入口流量控制问题上的关系与各自的目的，建立双层规划模型来研究收费高速公路网入口流量控制问题，其上层规划问题描述了管理者对路网入口流量限制行为，下层规划问题可以看作用户对上层策略响应的路径选择行为，这可以采用基于联网收费道路网的入出口点收给的单车型多准则固定需求下的用户均衡模型来描述。本文提出了遗传算法（GA）和 Alopex算法相结合的混合算法——GAA算法来求解双层规划模型。
本文最后给出1个算例，用GAA算法计算固定需求下的各收费站入口进入高速公路网的流量。
关键词：交通分配；入口流量控制；用户均衡模型；双层规划模型；GAA算法
 
Abstract
The dissertation attempts to control inflow in expressway network based on bi-level programming model.the aim is to avoid traffic congestion in expressway network and improve the utilities of expressway network and realize maximum of social welfare and take users’ route choice in response to strategy the upper-level problem carries out who want their travel cost as little as possible.
    At first,the dissertation simply reviews the traffic assignment problem and its solution strategies， solution algorithms of bi-level programming mode at present and traffic control methods. Then the dissertation considers the relation and intention of manager and users in the programming model to solve the problem of freeway network,and builds the bi-level programming model to solve the problem of freeway inflow control,The upper-level problem represents the behavior of manager,and the lower-level represents the users’ travel choices. So we propose vehicle and molto-criteria network equilibrium models with entry-exit based on all road of the network to describe route choice of users， namely user equilibrium model with fixed demand.Bi-level programming problems are generally difficult to solve,so we put forward a new algorithm named GAA algorithm combining the genetic algorithm and Alopex algorithm. （科教作文网http://zw.ΝsΕac.cOM编辑）
   At last,This article finally produces to calculate the example,enters the high speed highway network with the GAA algorithm computation fixed demand under each charge station the current capacity.
Key words：traffic assignment; inflow control; user equilibrium model; bi-level programming model; GAA algorithm

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