目标规划及其在经济中的应用

摘 要

目标规划是1种解决经济管理而产生的数学规划方法，在许多领域得到了广泛的应用,特别是在经济领域方面。本文介绍目标规划的产生，发展和现状，论述了对线性目标规划和非线性目标规划的具体模型和求解方法。本文主要通过建立两个经济方面的实例来建立模型，这两个实例分别是分配问题（线性）和按地区按行业控制外资规模（非线性）的问题。在求解非线性目标规划应用实例即“按地区按行业控制外资规模”的问题时，发现原作者在计算结果上值得商榷，于是在文中特别指出并作了修改。引言部分主要介绍了目标规划的产生、发展和现状的基本概况以及这篇的主要特点。正文主要分成4个部分。第1部分介绍目标规划的概念和基本模型以及模型建立的步骤。第2部分介绍了目标规划的基本算法，是分两个小节来介绍的，分别是线性目标规划算法和非线性目标规划算法等。第3部分是介绍目标规划在经济中的应用实例，其中第2个例子是讨论的重点。最后是结论部分，总结了这次的主要使用的基本工具和基本成果等，还有这次的不足之处。

关键词:目标规划；偏差变量；约束；算法

Abstract

The goal programming is a kind of Operation Research (OR) for solution economic management problem, which has extensive application in many realms, especially in the aspects of economic realm. This paper will introduce the creation, development and the present condition of the goal programming. I will introduce the concrete model and solution method of the goal programming in two aspects, it’s that the linear goal programming and the non-linear goal programming. This paper will set up tow models at the two aspects of goal programming, (linear programming and non-linear programming) and the two examples are about distribution (linear) and controlling scale of foreign capital in the light of regions and professions (non-linear). While solving the non-linear goal programming example ,I found there was mistake in original author’s solving. So I pointed out where the mistake was and had corrected it . 本文来自中国科教评价网
I have introduced the general situation of the creation, development and the present condition of the goal programming and the major characteristic in this paper. The first part is about the concept and the basic model of goal programming and how to set up. The second part is the basic algorithm of goal programming, which was introduced in two brief summaries of linear goal programming, non-linear goal programming.The third part has introduced applied concretes of goal programming in the economy and the second brief summary is the focal point. The last part is conclusion of this paper; I have summarized the basic tools and achievement of this paper. I put the course of solving example 5 and example 6 and computer source programming in the appendix for the whole thesis having compact structure.

Key words:goal programming;deviations of variable;restrain; algorithm