论威廉斯作品《欲望号街车》中的心理现实主义

Acknowledgements

Four years of study is a preparation for me to develop this dissertation. With many people’s help, I finish this dissertation in three months.
Firstly, especial thanks go to Miss Hu, the instructor of this paper. She frequently corrects our dissertations and makes some invaluable suggestions to standardize and improve our dissertations. Miss Hu’s hard working and responsible spirit encourage us to perfect our dissertations in every effort. In the process of searching, collecting, organizing material and reasonable using logical thought, I harvest a lot.
Secondly, thanks go to all the university leaders and teacher especially to Professor Zhuo, the American literature teacher. Her vivid and copious lectures give a great impression on me. The original ideals gained in her lectures are the basis of my paper.
Last but not the least, thanks go to all the school librarians, who have done very much in supplying us with reference books, as well as to those authors whose works have been quoted by me in the paper.
Abstract

For the reason of the age, modernism appeared in literati after realism in the second half of 19th century. Compared with realism, it has an inward transformation. It becomes a new ideological trend in which realism and modernism mingle together. It is brought up by American novelist, literary theorist Henry James. Under the influence of Freud’s psychoanalysis, writers explore this new writing method to describe the inner world. A lot of novelist, poets, dramatists and artists are in favor of this method. Tennessee Williams is one of them. As a dramatist, he made a significant contribution to American drama circle. This paper mainly explores the psychological realism and its embodiment in Williams’ best play A Streetcar Named Desire. It is developed by explaining psycho-realism, introducing the author’s social and family background and psychoanalyzing the play. It focuses on the psychoanalysis of the embodiment of psycho-realism in the play.

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现代主义于210世纪下叶继现实主义之后出现在文学领域。和现实主义相比它有1个向内的转化。心理现实主义是现实主义与现代主义相交融的新型文学思潮。它首先由美国小说家、文艺理论家亨利.詹姆斯提出。受弗洛伊德的影响，心理现实主义注重描写人的内心世界。很多的小说家，诗人，剧作家和艺术家都钟情于这种写作手法。田纳西.威廉斯便是其中的1个，他是1个对美国戏剧界做出杰出贡献的剧作家。《欲望号街车》被认为是他最好的作品。文章首先解释心理现实主义，接着介绍作者的家庭和生活的时代背景，最后用精神分析法分析分析剧本。本文旨在用精神分析法分析剧本中体现的心理现实主义。

关键字: 心理现实主义; 弗洛伊德精神分析法; 幻想; 欲望