X6325摇臂铣床的改造与设计

摘    要

在普通机床上采用适合现场实时控制的MCS-51系列单片机为控制器，以运行特性好，可靠性高的步进电机为驱动执行元件的数控改造方法。叙述了机床改造方案及系统的组成原理，并给出了系统硬件及软件设计框图。普通机床经数控改造后，其加工精度和生产率有较大的提高，是提高企业数控化率的1条切实可行的途径。
本介绍了针对普通铣床X6325的数控化改造的设计过程，较详细地介绍了X6325机械部分改造的方案及数控系统部分的设计。机械部分改造的方案,拆除原机床的手轮和丝杠的螺母副，选用滚珠丝杠螺母副。在原进给手动端增加带箱，以便安装同步带及步进电机。数控系统部分的设计基本方案是采用以8051为CPU的控制系统对信号进行处理，由I/O接口输出步进脉冲，经光电隔离电路，功率放大到步进电机，再经同步带带动滚动丝杠转动，从而实现X，Y，Z3个方向的进给运动。

关键词：  X6325铣床；数控系统；改造；设计；单片机；

Abstract

NC improvement of general machine tool was introduced led by Single-Chip computer MCS-51 and drived by setp motoro The improvement plan of machine tool and composition principle of NC system were narrated,the hardware structure and design process of software were also provided after general machine tool have been rised in working precision and productivity. It is a feasible way for enterprise to raise the NC control rate.
This paper presents the process of X6325 designing numerical control reform，and explicitly introduces the design of X6325 mechanical and numerical control system reforms。The desiger that the mechanical part transfmed,remove the handwheel of the former lathe and vice nut of the silk pole,select silk pole nut vice ball for nse,is entering to add to manual end and take the case originally.So that installation is being taken and walks into the electrical machinery in setp.Numerical control system reforms which has 8051 as cpu to cope with the signal，and output the step pulse through the I/O interface。After transmitting and slowing down by force 1 gear, the step pulses drive the leading screw to roll。Thus achieve the vertical movement and the crosswise movement。X axis、Y axis andZ axis process togethe movement。

Keyword：  X6325；numerical control system；reform；design；single chip microcomputer

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