中英文化风俗对比与分析(一)(3)
2014-08-10 01:04
导读：2、 Eating Customs3、Now, as the development of the intercultural communication, it is inevitable for us to pay more attention to some eating customs different between the two countries. We all know
2、 Eating Customs3、Now, as the development of the intercultural communication, it is inevitable for us to pay more attention to some eating customs different between the two countries. We all know that China is also famous for its delicious foods. And we all have ideas about what kinds of foods are good to eat, what kinds of foods are bad to eat. And because of the different culture, we can also find the different eating customs.
4、 Eating in Britain5、The British people are not too fastidious about their food; their food is a little dull. If you ask me what kind of food in Britain is famous, nothing is better than beefsteak and several kinds of dessert. Although the British food is not very sumptuous in verity, they pay more attention to the delight of eating. So you can easily find some restaurants in Britain, which are graceful and elegant. There are many kinds of meat in Britain food market, and the marine products are abundant. However, most of the vegetables in Britain are imported from other countries. In spite of this, the vegetables are with a great variety. Usually, the vegetables are sold in the special store, with good order, and the price is a slight high. In Britain, the food flavoring is not as much as in China, so if you want to cook some Chinese food in Britain, half of the flavoring could not be found here. Maybe that is one of the reasons why the British food is not very delicious.
6、The British people like desserts very much, and the desserts are with good tastes. There are many kinds of bread, pies and cakes. Especially, their puddings are so delicious. The British people often have deserts in their “afternoon tea”, or after their banquet, and sometimes they also have deserts when breakfast. Most of the British people have the skill of making some dessert and they like toasting food. Often in the school, there would be some competitive activities of making dessert. In these activities, the schools invite the parents to join together with the students; they make the dessert by themselves, and taste each other’s food. If you have the opportunity to take part in, you are sure to be surprised with their excellent skills and the good taste of the dessert.
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7、The British people make their food in simple way. Usually, they cook the vegetables in the water, or make them into cold dishes; even they sometimes eat raw vegetables. They seldom eat fried vegetables. While they often toast or fry the meat, which is often half cooked. Together with some vegetables, the meat is wonderful. They like using the toasted meat in the banquet, and you can also eat this in the restaurant. If they want to eat something else, they often go to some restaurants, which are operated by foreign people. Among these restaurants, there are some Chinese restaurants, especially with some Guangdong food. We should pay attention to British meals, which have their own characteristics. They have four meals one day, but not three. They have breakfast, midday lunch, afternoon tea and the evening meal.
8、Breakfast is often a rather hurried meal at eight or nine o’ clock. The fresh milk for breakfast is delivered to the house before breakfast. They often eat fried eggs, bacon, sausages, bread with butter and jar. However, as the life pace get faster and faster, most people have less than this for breakfast, and some have no breakfast at all or only a hot drink. The midday lunch time is from about 12:00 to 2:00 p.m. many men work busily, and they don’t mind if their lunch are so rich. But if on Sundays, the family usually sits together to lunch. They give a small quantity of soup as a first course; the main course consists of meat, potatoes and other vegetables. The next meal is afternoon tea, at about four or five o’clock. The British people never miss it, no mater what important tings you have, sorry, please wait for a moment, cause this is Tea Time. At that time, they stop their work, have a cup of tea or cup of coffee, usually eat some dessert and have a chat. They can relax themselves during this time. They have dinner at seven or eight o’ clock. The dinner is always very sumptuous. At about 8 o’ clock, all the family sits together, and enjoys their food.9、In a word, British meals are an important element in family life, when they sit together round the table; the meals often have a great cementing effect on family life. In the eyes of the British people, meals are rather formal affairs and are not usually shared with outsiders. Visit at meal time, or ask someone if they have meal is impolite.
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10、 Eating in China11、Chopsticks play an important role in Chinese food culture. Chopsticks are called "Kuaizi" in Chinese and were called "Zhu" in ancient times (see the characters above). Chinese people have been using kuaizi as one of the main tableware for more than 3,000 years. 12、It was recorded in Liji (The Book of Rites) that chopsticks were used in the Shang Dynasty (1600 BC - 1100 BC). It was mentioned in Shiji (the Chinese history book) by Sima Qian (about 145 BC) that Zhou, the last king of the Shang Dynasty (around 1100 BC), used ivory chopsticks. Experts believe the history of wood or bamboo chopsticks can be dated to about 1,000 years earlier than ivory chopsticks. Bronze chopsticks were invented.in the Western Zhou Dynasty (1100 BC - 771 BC). Lacquer chopsticks from the Western Han (206 BC - 24 AD) were discovered in Mawangdui, China. Gold and silver chopsticks became popular in the Tang Dynasty (618 - 907). It was believed that silver chopsticks could detect poisons in food.
13、Chopsticks can be classified into five groups based on the materials used to make them, i.e., wood, metal, bone, stone and compound chopsticks. Bamboo and wood chopsticks are the most popular ones used in Chinese homes.
14、There are a few things to avoid when using chopsticks. Chinese people usually don't beat their bowls while eating, since the behavior used to be practiced by beggars. Also don't insert chopsticks in a bowl upright because it is a custom exclusively used in sacrifice. If you are really interested in chopsticks, you may want to visit the Kuaizi Museum in Shanghai. The museum collected over 1,000 pairs of chopsticks. The oldest one was from the Tang Dynasty.
15、 Sitting and Dining Customs
16、If a Chinese dinner has been arranged in a restaurant, the host will usually sit nearest the kitchen or service door. Then he will be in the least-favored position - sitting where the waiter will stand while serving individual portions of food (the waiter's "mark" being his serving utensils laid on the table). Some hosts, however, seat their most junior guests or family members at this slightly awkward spot so that the host can talk more easily to guests on either side of him. It is also becoming more common for hosts to sit next to foreign guests of honor. 17、Should you find yourself in one of the "junior" seats on either side of the server's position, take comfort from the fact that your fellow diners are either even more "important" or older than you and you are honored to be sitting with them, or your host has flattered you by deciding you are one of the least status-conscious guests!
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18、Whatever your table position is, you may be expected to make at least one toast during the meal - to the course which is about to commence, if necessary, when everyone else has used up all socially-acceptable topics of mutual esteem! Every person stands up for a moment, raises his or her glass, and finds out who has the strongest constitution!
19、Taking one's turn is also expected for tea pouring at smaller gatherings where each guest leans over or rises to fill fellow-diners' teacups. The almost surreptitious finger tapping on the table that greets the pouring service is said to date back to a ploy invented by a Qing Dynasty emperor. While making an incognito tour of South China, the emperor visited a teahouse. In order to maintain his cover as an ordinary member of a party of travelers, the emperor took his turn at pouring tea for his companions. They started to acknowledge this astonishing honor by bowing in the usual fashion but the emperor told them they could simply tap the table with three fingers - two of which would represent their prostrate limbs, while the third finger would symbolize their bowed heads. The custom survives in Hong Kong and South China as a silent token of thanks for the gesture.
