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研究高中英语定语从句用法

2015-10-03 01:43

摘要：定语从句是高中英语的语法重点，它是用一个句子对另一个句子成份的修饰与限定，但在运用过程中会出现较多的失误，原因为学生在学习过程中对一些细节及本质理解掌握不够好，现对这些地方加以说明与阐述。

关键词：限定；成份；用法

定语从句是用一个句子对另一个句子的一个成份或部分进行修饰与限定，被修饰的词叫先行词，由名词或代词充当。引导定语从句的关系词有that. which. who. whose. whete. when. why.定语从句从类型上分为限定型定语从句与非限定性定语从句。连接词是连接从句与修饰词的桥梁，它在句中起连接作用并充当从句中的某个成份，如：主语、宾语、状语等。
1．限定性定语从句：
1）由that引导的定语从句，that在从句中指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语，但不能放在介词后作介词宾语。
Eg. I know the girl that attended the party. （作主语）
That’s the job that I’m huntirg for. （作宾语）
2）由which引导定语从句，which在从句中指人、指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，也可作介词的宾语。
Eg. He came from a farmily which was very poor. （作主语）
This is the pen which you want. （作宾语）
This is the room in which I want to cive. （作介词的定语）
3）由who. whom. whose引导定语从句
who作主语.whom作宾语.whose作定语.
Eg. I met someone who said he knew you. （作主语）
Is that the man whom you referred to? （作宾语）
Confucius is the philosopher whose influerce has been the greatest.（作定语）
4）when. where. why由引导定语从句。
先行词表时间，在从句中充当状语用when引导.
先行词表地点，在从句中充当状语用where引导，充当宾语由that或which引导。
先行词表原因，在从句中充当状语用why引导.

Eg. It is also a time when there were many great philosophers.
c. f 1) This is the room where he cived last year. （作状语）
2) This is the school which he visited last year. （作宾语）
The reason why people are unhappy is that they do not have erough love.（作状语）
同时在限定性定语从句中that. which的用法还有另外一些限制与要求。
A．只能用that，不能用which连接的定语从句。
1．先行词部分有不定代词，few. all. little. much. something. nothing. everthirg时.
Eg. All that we have to do is to practise every day.