任务型写作教学在课堂中的应用(1)
2017-08-06 02:55
导读:英语论文论文,任务型写作教学在课堂中的应用(1)样式参考,免费教你怎么写,格式要求,科教论文网提供的这篇文章不错:
【摘 要】 写作能够较为直接地反映学生综合运用语言的能力,
【摘 要】 写作能够较为直接地反映学生综合运用语言的能力,因此如何在平时的课堂教学中培养和帮助学生提高写作能力是高中英语教学中非常重要的一部分。本文运用目前倍受推崇的任务型教学法,以教学案例及点评的形式,介绍了任务型写作教学在课堂中的实施方法。【关键词】任务型教学、写作教学、教学案例、案例点评一、引言 随着“以人为本”教育理念的贯彻和个性化教学这一趋势的呈现,人们逐渐重视学生在学习过程中的主观能动性和创造性,这一理念也同样体现在英语写作教学中。如何在写作教学中充分利用学生自身这一丰富的教学资源,挖掘学生自身的潜能,实现学生之间知识的共享和升华,越来越受到教育工作者的重视,并已经被纳入他们的研究范围,其中任务型写作教学就是目前被广泛采纳的教学方法。高中英语写作教学的目的为表述事实、观点、情感、想象力,交流信息,培养规范的写作习惯;学生应通过大量的专项和综合性语言活动,形成综合语言运用能力,为真实语言交际打下基础(课程标准,2003)。在实践中我们可以看到,在写作教学中运用任务型教学不仅可以帮助学生达到以上目标,还可以培养学生多方面的能力。二、任务型写作教学在课堂中的应用新英语课程标准倡导任务型教学法,并且对任务型教学的设计提出了明确的要求:1.活动要有明确的目的并具有可操作性;2.活动要以学生的生活经验和兴趣为出发点,内容和方式要尽量真实;3.活动要有利于学生学习英语知识、发展英语技能,从而提高实际语言运用能力;4.活动应积极促进英语学科和其他学科间的相互渗透和联系,使学生的思维、想象力、审美情趣、艺术感受、协作和创新精神等综合素质得到发展;5.活动要能够促使学生获取、处理和使用信息,用英语与他人交流,发展用英语解决实际问题的能力;6.活动不应该仅限于课堂教学,而要延伸到课堂之外的学习和生活之中。因此,我们在设计任务型写作教学时,一定要认真仔细体会认真把握以上各项要求,把它们渗透到教学的各个步骤中。
(转载自http://www.NSEAC.com中国科教评价网) 1、案例分析 (1) 教学目标:①锻炼学生略读英文报纸和英文写作的能力,同时让学生进一步了解并喜欢这些英文报纸,从而对他们的英语学习有所帮助;②培养学生自主学习与相互协作的学习策略;③进一步激发学生的写作热情,为将来写作技能的提高打下基础;(2)教学内容:让学生通过阅读了解China Daily, 21st Century Teens, Student English Times, Shanghai Students’ Post等英文报纸,并以“My Favorite English Newspaper”为题用英语写一篇作文,介绍自己最喜欢的报纸,包括其主要内容、栏目、最喜欢的文章或者自己感兴趣的其他方面的内容;(3)教学重点及难点①学生自选一份英文报纸进行粗略的阅读,目的在于对报纸的大致情况有所了解,并搜集相关信息;②学生对相关材料进行组织,并运用相关的词汇、语法知识、句型等进行写作,整个过程中学生会遇到很多问题和困难;③教师和学生对作品进行讲评和评价;(4)教学辅助材料:英文报纸若干份、实物投影;(5)Teaching Procedure① Assigning the task. Ask the students to read some English newspapers such as China Daily, Student English Times, Shanghai Students’ Post and 21st Century Teens Senior Edition, etc, in order to get familiar with them and then write a composition titled “My Favorite English Newspaper” to introduce their favorite newspapers. The students are divided into small groups with 3 to 4 members in each for discussion and communication. Meanwhile, one student is appointed in each group as the group leader to be in charge of collecting the information from their group members.简评:本节课是一节写作课,采用 “任务型”的教学方式,让学生明确写作的任务和方法,而且老师应尽量组织与学生日常生活和学习有关的材料让学生进行写作,任务的难度设计应该依据学生的实际水平和兴趣;此外,前边提到的英文报纸是目前国内水平较高、质量较好的英文学习报纸,内容丰富、贴近时代和学生生活、语言地道,是中学生们“喜闻乐读”的报纸,所以选择将读报这一活动引入课堂并在读完之后写一篇作文是应用性很强的写作任务,是一项读、写相互促进的活动;分组的目的是基于
外语教学的交际原则设计的,而且有利于培养学生的合作意识。② Delivering instructions. Distribute the newspapers to students and ask them to apply proper reading skills such as skimming, scanning, getting the main idea by referring to the titles, pictures and illustrations, guessing the meanings of the new words according to the context or the formation of the words. Ask them to collect the information that they are interested in and make some notes to get ready for the writing.简评:信息加工理论认为,Writing almost always involves reading; the two skills, the receptive and the productive, are interdependent. Generally speaking, the student who reads with ease and reads widely finds writing easier than the students who don’t read much or read with difficulty. It doesn’t necessarily follow that a good reader is good at writing, but most students find that, if they continue to practice reading, their writing improves。英语学习的过程是信息输入(Input)和输出(Output)的过程。要想提高学生的表达能力,没有大量的材料输入是不可能的;只有大量的输入才会有较高质量的输出。要让学生有话可说,有东西可写,就要给他们输入相关的材料,并帮他们掌握相关的
写作技巧、方法以及写作要求,这不仅符合信息加工理论的基本原则,而且更加明确了学生写作的任务,在一定程度上降低了学生写作的难度。③ Group discussion. Get the students to exchange with their group members the information they have got. They can do so by giving a brief report and the group leader shall make some notes while listening.简评:由于每位同学所掌握的信息是有不同的或者是有差异的,所以老师应该想方设法利用在每位学生之间产生的信息差(Information Gap)这一有效的教学资源,促使他们之间产生交流的愿望,达到真实交流(authentic communication)的目的。④ Group report. Ask a few group leaders to give an account of what they have got in the discussion. Meanwhile, the teacher writes down on the blackboard what they might mention in their report, including the key points or some new words, and demonstrates some of the sentence patterns the students might use in their writing. The teacher also gets involved in their discussion, and helps them to get ready for the writing. 简评:本节课尽管是写作课,但是学生们的听、说、读、写的能力均得到了一定程度的锻炼,有关的词汇、句型和语法等语言知识也得到了复现和巩固;学生在浏览和阅读完报纸之后所掌握的信息,以及所交流的内容,还可以帮助我们了解我们所教的学生对于哪方面的东西感兴趣,这将有利于我们未来的教学;同时,小组之间的交流以及教师的介入(mediation),如类似于有关信息的Brainstorming,在某种程度上也为学生在写作内容和方法上起搭起了一个脚手架(Scaffold)。⑤ Brainstorming and writing. Before the students start, ask them to write the outline first, then the topic sentence of each paragraph, and the key points they are going to talk about in the passage as well as the transitional words they might use. And all this can be referred to when they set out to write, plus their notes taken when reading the paper and what the teacher has written on the blackboard. The teacher walks around the classroom to give the students individual guidance.What’s more, students of different levels should not be equally required. Some top students can try to use the advanced vocabulary or sentence patterns, while average or low-level students can just try to make themselves clear.共2页: 1 [2] 下一页 论文出处(作者):