《水浒传》女性形象分析

摘   要

  《水浒传》不仅塑造了路见不平、拔刀相助的英雄好汉，同时也塑造了许多有个性的、活生生的女性形象。这些来自社会各个阶层的妇女形象，从不同的角度反映了当时的社会现状。《水浒传》所刻画的女性主要分为3大类：1类是女英雄，如扈3娘、孙2娘和顾大嫂；1类是淫妇，如潘金莲、阎婆惜、潘巧云等；1类是败德的恶妇，如王婆、刘高之妻、白秀英等。作品中流露出漠视女性、践踏女性、“女人祸水”等观念，即便是对3女将的描写也与男性趋同，将其雄性化了。作者妇女观的形成，首先，与其亲身经历有关。作者是1位正统的儒者，对女性的看法难免是落后的。其次，与当时小说的题材有关。元末明初的乱世，百姓向往统1大业，期盼英雄，而活跃在政治舞台上的多为男性。再次，与当时的审美意识有关。第1，褒阳刚而贬阴柔之美；第2，重“理”轻“情”。最后,与当时的哲学思想有关。《水浒传》的成书过程与封建理学的成熟期相1致，故受封建理学影响较大。
  关键词：水浒传；女性形象；妇女观；根源

ABSTRACT

  There are not only some heroes but also a lot of womens image in Warterside Story. These womens image from various circus of society have reflected the social current situation at that time from different angles. Women in Warterside Story are mainly divided into three kinds: One kind is a heroine, such as HuSanNiang , SunErNiang and sister-in-law Gu; One kind is wanton woman, for instance ,Pan JinLian , Yan PoXi , Pan QiaoYun ,etc. Another kind is evil woman, for instance ,WangPo, the wife of LiuGao, BaiXiuYing, etc. The midstream of the works emerges and ignores ideas such as women , trampling on women , Warterside womans misfortune etc, even if it is convergent with man to three woman general of descriptions to be, it being male.The forming of the womenview of author, firstly, the author is a orthodox Confucianism person, the view of woman is unavoidable backward. Secondly , related to the subject matter of the novel at that time. In troubled times of the beginning of Ming Dynasty and the end of Yuan Dynasty, common people yearn for the reunification, look forward to heroes, and the one that enliven on the political platform is mostly men. Moreover , relate to aesthetic consciousness at that time. First, praise male genital demote overcast gentle beauty just; Second, lay stress on " Science " instead of make light of " the feeling ". Finally , related to philosophy thought at that time. Becoming book course and conforming with mature period of feudal Neo-Confucianism of Warterside Story , so receive feudal Neo-Confucianism of great impact.