论我国民事诉讼中的“新证据”

摘  要

2001年12月21日，最高人民法院颁布《关于民事诉讼证据的若干规定》（以下简称《证据规定》），我国民事诉讼程序中新的“新证据”制度建立。其通过对民事诉讼程序中“新证据”的新的界定，相较《民事诉讼法》的“新证据”制度，在防止证据突袭、拖延诉讼、确保程序安定、提高诉讼效益等方面均发挥了积极效能。但在司法实践中，还存在1些亟待解决的问题。通过对“新证据”制度的比较研究，可以看到我国“新证据”制度在理论上、规定本身以及司法实践中出现的问题根源之所在。完善我国的“新证据”制度，要在理论上进1步明确“新证据”构成要件的基础上，配套推动法官适时行使阐明权制度、强化我国的律师代理制度以及完善证据收集制度和证据开示制度。                                   

关键词：举证时限；证据失权；新证据；释明权

ABSTRACT

On Dec.21, 2001, The Supreme Peoples Court promulgated “On the Several Stipulations of Civil Action Evidence”, following listed as “Provided Evidence”, the “Fresh Evidence” system was founded in our countrys civil action procedure. Through its new definition of the “Fresh Evidence” in the procedures of civil action, compared with the “Fresh Evidence”system of the “Code of Civil Procedure”, it plays an active role in the aspect of avoiding evidence attack, delaying litigation, ensuring the stabilization of procedures and enhancing the efficiency of litigation. However, in the practice of justice, there are some problems to be solved. Through the comparative study of the “Fresh Evidence”system, we can see the root of problems listed theoretically, stipulation itself and the practice of justice in our countrys “Fresh Evidence” system. In order to perfect our countrys “Fresh Evidence” system, on the basis of further clearing the constitution of “Fresh Evidence” theoretically, we need promote judges to exercise the power of elucidation system on the right time, strengthen the Attorney Counsel System in our country and perfect Evidence-collecting system and Discovery system.

key words: the time limit of presents evidence；the invalidation of evidence； the fresh evidence；power of elucidation