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论商业保险在我国巨灾风险管理中的应用(1)

2014-01-21 01:07 摘要：随着自然灾害造成的损失日益加重，人们也越来越重视巨灾风险的管理。我国在应对巨灾风险时往往依靠财政救助而缺乏有效的风险转移方式，不但给国家财政带来了巨大压力，且不利于灾后的补偿与重建，最终影响国民经济的持续发展。正因为如此，如今巨灾风险管理已成为保障社会发展方面不可或缺的一部分。本文首先分析了我国巨灾风险的特点及其管理现状，指出了管理方式中存在的一些不足；其次阐述了商业保险应用于巨灾风险管理的机制与优势，将巨灾保险在主要发达国家的应用方式进行综合对比，从其机制设计和发展历程中得出经验，比对我国国情提出了在风险降低及风险转移方面的一些建议；此外，基于对目前我国保险行业的现状和问题的认识，本文亦将商业保险与其他风险转移工具进行比较，得出中国目前适宜引入商业保险以分散巨灾风险的结论；文章的最后从政府、保险行业及个人等三方面，着重提出了应用商业保险，改进我国现行巨灾风险管理机制的具体办法。关键词：巨灾风险；商业保险；风险管理Commercial Insurance in Our Country of Catastrophe Risk Management ApplicationAbstract: With the loss caused by natural disasters increasing, people also focus on catastrophe risk management more than ever. In response to the catastrophe risk, our government always relies on financial aid but lack of effective risk transfer mode. It not only brings great pressure to the state Treasury, but also to the disadvantage of compensate and reconstruction in the aftermath of a natural catastrophe, at last it will make the significant influence to the sustainable development of national economy. Because of this, nowadays catastrophe risk management has become an essential part of social development. This paper analyzed the characteristics of catastrophe risk and the management at the beginning, points out the existing problems in the management mode. Secondly, elaborated the commercial insurance’s mechanism and advantages which applied to catastrophe risk management. Compare the comprehensive application with some developed countries’, gained experience from their mechanism design and development process. Treated with Chinese administrative mechanism as a control, this article put forward some suggestions in lower risk and risk transfer respect. Based on the current situation and problems of the domestic insurance industry in addition, in comparison with other risks transfer tools, we can reach a conclusion that commercial insurance is more appropriate to China's present, which can spread into catastrophe risk. Finally, from the government, the insurance industry and individuals aspects, this article put emphasis on table some proposals about concrete measures, that is introduce commercial insurance so as to improve our current catastrophe risk management mechanism.Key words: Catastrophe risk；Commercial insurance；Risk management目录1 我国巨灾风险与巨灾风险管理现状....................... 11.1 巨灾风险概述................................................ 11.2 我国巨灾风险状况............................................ 21.3 我国的巨灾风险管理状况...................................... 32 商业保险在主要发达国家巨灾风险管理中的应用及其启示.... 52.1商业保险应用于巨灾风险管理的机制与优势...................... 52.2商业保险在发达国家巨灾风险管理的应用........................ 72.3商业保险应用于巨灾风险管理的启示............................ 93 发挥巨灾保险作用，提高我国巨灾风险管理水平的几点建议. 103.1 我国商业保险应用于巨灾风险管理的现状....................... 103.2 目前阶段其他风险转移方式还难以适应我国巨灾风险管理的需要... 123.3 发挥商业保险作用，提高我国巨灾风险管理水平的几点建议....... 13参考文献............................................. 16谢 辞............................................... 17

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