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现行农村土地制度存在的问题与改革探索
摘要: 农村土地地制度是农村经济制度的基础和核心.这1制度安排的成功与否，不仅关系到农村土地能否得到充分合理利用，关系到农村经济的全面发展，而且对整个社会经济的发展都具有举足轻重的作用.
我国现行的家庭承包经营的农地制度是经过了农村集体化，人民公社化后形成的，是改革开放的产物.实施20多年来，它不仅成功地解决了13亿人口的温饱问题，有效地提高了人民的生活消费质量，而且为中国农村经济乃至整个国民经济的增长作出了历史性的贡献.
但是，家庭承包经营责任制不可能1劳永逸地解决我国农业发展进程中的所有问题.随着工业化的加快和整个国民经济的持续高速增长，家庭承包责任制日渐暴露出诸多弊端，主要表现在:1，土地的各项权利界定不清，主体不明确，关系混乱;2，农地经营分散，难以形成规模经济;3，土地流转极其困难，难以适应市场经济的发展.
当前，我国农地制度在运行中存在的弊端已影响到农业的长期稳定发展，这1现实要求农村土地制度的创新.因此，加强对农村土地制度的研究，分析目前我国农村土地制度在运行中存在的问题，提出我国下1步农村土地改革的目标，基本思路及对策建议，并在此基础上系统构建符合市场经济运行规律的农村土地制度创新模式，对提高农业生产效率，提高农民的经济和社会地位，对实施农业和国民经济可持续发展战略等都具有重要的意义.
关键词： 家庭联产承包责任制；农民社会保障制度；现代产权制度
Present countryside land system existence question and reformexploration
Abstract: The countryside land system is the foundation and the core of the rural economic system.This system"s arrangement success or not，not only relates to the countryside land whether obtains the full reasonable use，relates to the rural economy full scale development, moreovet all the pivotal function to the entire social economy developement. （科教作文网http://zw.nseAc.com）
The present farmland system of household undertaking formed after the countryside collectivization, the people"s communalization, was the product of the reform and open olicy.Has implemented more than 20 years.it not only successfully has solved 1.4 billion population food and shelter problems, effectively improved people"s life and expense quality, moreovet has made the historical contribution for the China rural economy and even the entire national economy growth.
But, the system of houshold undertaking is impossible to solve all the problems in agricultural developing advancement in our country once and for all.Along with the continual high speed cconomic growth and industrialization speeding up, the household undertaking responsibility system exposs many malpractices day after day, mainly displays in:First, the land rights limits unclcar, the main body is not clear, the relation is chaotic;Second, the mangement of farmland disperses, it is difficult to form the economical scale;Third, the land pasts difficultly, it can not adapt the development of market economy.
Presently, the malpractice which existed in the movement of our country farmland system already the agricultural long-term and steady development, this reality requested the innovation of the countryside land system, the analysis of the problems which esists in the present farmland system"smovement, proposing the next goal of the countryside land reformation, the basic mentality, and the countermeasure and suggestion, in this foundation conceiving farmland system innovation pattem which conforms to the market economy movement rule, all has the vital significance to enhances the agricultural production efficiency, enhances farmer"s economy and the social position, to implements agricultural and the national economy sustainable developmental stratigy and so on.
Keywords: Family joint production contract management system；
Farmer social security system；Modern property right system