论冯梦龙小说中的女性形象

摘   要

伴随着资本主义的萌芽，明代社会出现了新兴的市民阶层。由于社会上市民意识的出现、思想领域中王学左派的兴起，使得思想解放潮流兴盛起来，产生了新的人生价值观念，人性得到重视。在这种环境下，市民文学得到了空前繁荣。冯梦龙受到了市民意识的影响，编写了著名的短篇小说集《3言》。在他的小说里，女性形象的塑造较之前代作品更为鲜活动人。她们在很多篇章中占据了核心地位，甚至成了灵魂人物，其鲜明的个性极具时代的魅力。她们追求爱情婚姻自主与平等的愿望更加强烈了。她们打破封建礼教中旧的“贞”、“烈”道德观，提出了追求情欲的合理要求，并发动对禁欲主义和封建道德的挑战。更为鲜明的1点是：他的小说中有许多女子具有超凡学识才干，甚至令许多男子汗颜。这些女性形象的出现与当时的社会思潮和文化背景关系颇大。社会上市民意识的兴盛是这些女性形象得以存在的土壤，而思想领域中王学左派肯定人欲则是这些女性形象能够被人们欣赏并接受的哲学依据。
关键词：冯梦龙；《3言》 ；女性形象 ；市民文化

ABSTRACT

The rudiment with the capitalism, new developing citizens stratum appeared in the society in the Ming Dynasty. Because social listing will of the people know appearance, thought field the king studies the rise of the Left, make , free oneself from old ideas trend prosperity stand up , produce new life values, the human nature is paid attention to. Under this kind of environment, it is unprecedentedly prosperous that citizens literature has been got. Feng MengLong has been influenced by citizens consciousness, has written famous collection of short stories " three speeches ". At novel on it is at he,mould with image women than before take the place of works have activity peoples fresh even more. They have occupied the key status in a lot of chapters, even has become soul personages , its distinct individual character has glamour of the times very much. It is stronger that they pursue the love and marry the partner of ones own choice with the equal hope. They break old " chastity " , " strong " moral concept in feudal Confucian or feudal ethical codes, have put forward the rational requirement for pursuing the lust, launch it to asceticism and feudal and ethical challenge. More distinct one point is: There are a lot of women that have extreme knowledge abilities in his novel , even make a lot of men feel deeply ashamed. The appearance , social ideological trend at that time and culture background relation of these women image were quite great. Prosperity that social listing will of the people know whether these woman image must use existing soil, thought field king study the Left affirm it is woman these can people appreciate and philosophy basis that accept in image for people not to want.

大学排名