冲破孤独的囚笼—论《百年孤独》的孤独症

摘   要

《百年孤独》是加西亚•马尔克斯1生最重要的代表作，也是拉丁美洲魔幻现实主义的经典巨著。全书以布恩蒂亚家族的兴衰演变为线索，运用循环往复的结构，表现孤独的特质。本文从孤独症的特征出发，透过《百年孤独》的魔幻现实主义表象，对孤独症进行综合论述，从深层揭露它的本质和危害。“孤独症”实际上是对拉丁美洲孤立和落后状况的概括。拉丁美洲的历史就是1部冲破孤独抑郁的历史。本文结合布恩蒂亚家族和拉丁美洲的孤独现状，探讨个体孤独和群体孤独的关系，得出它们相互影响，相互制约的结论。接着论文从关系出发，更深1步揭示造成 “孤独症”泛滥的原因，讨论摆脱孤独的方法，表达出希望 “孤独”的囚笼永远别再禁锢善良灵魂的愿望。
关键词：孤独；囚笼；冲破；团结
 
 
ABSTRACT

    "One hundred Years of Solitude" is Gabricl Garcia Marquczs most important magnum opus in his life. And it is Latin America magic realistic classic magnum opus. The whole book uses prosperous and recessionary evolvement of Berndia family as a clue, and uses circle to-and-fro structure to represent solitude particularity. This article starts from the characters of autism, permeates the magic realistic idea of "One hundred Years of Solitude", synthetically dissertates the autism, and exposures its essence and harm from the deep level. "Autism" is actually a resume of isolated and uncultured status in Latin America. Latin America history is a history of breaking through solitude and dumps.This article combines the lonely actualities of Berndia family and Latin America, discusses the relationship of individual solitude and the collective solitude, and educes the conclusion that they affect and restrict one another. Then the artile further reveals the reason of making the "autism" inundant from the relationship, disscusses the method of getting rid of solitude, and expresses the wish that the prisoners cage of solitude will not embar the virtuous spirit.