益阳方言给予动词“把”、“跟”、 “把得

摘   要

从共时角度出发，通过与普通话进行比较，描写益阳方言中“把”、“跟”“把得”的句法特征、句式来源与实际使用频率，重点突出其与普通话的不同之处。分析表明：句式S4与普通话相同，也是最优先的给予句式，但普通话所没有的S5在益阳方言中经常使用，是历史句法的直接传承，通过具体句法特征的比较分析，我们认为S1和S2的逻辑关系是S1包含于S2，S1来源于S2而不是普通话那种S1源于S5的模式；S5或是普通话句法入侵方言的结果，或是历史句法的直接承传。
关键词：益阳方言；给予动词“把”、“跟”、“把得”；给予句式；句法特征 
 

ABSTRACT

In terms of the synchronic comparision with standard Chinese, this paper describes the meanings and the usage of the “ba”、“gen”、“bade”in Yiyang dialect, and the syntax character、the origin of the sentence-type、the factual using frequency of the giving-sentence. The analysis elicits that S1 is the best preferential giving-sentence-type who origins from the history Chinese playing a same role with the Mandarin. We think that S1 is contained in S2 and origins from S4. We also think that S5 is the result of the pervading of the Mandarin syntax or the heritage of the history Chinese.
Key words: Yiyang dialect；the giving-verbs “把（ba）”、“跟（gen）”、“把得（bade）”；The giving-sentence-type；the syntax character