史记的个性化语言

摘   要

 司马迁是我国历史上著名的文学家，他撰写了不朽的著作——《史记》，开启了我国的叙事文学。他的《史记》给我们展现了1个个鲜活的历史人物，1幕幕生动的历史场景，这些都得益于他准确、生动、传神的语言个性化，因此，他也是伟大的语言大师。《史记》的语言历来为研究者们重视。他的善于写人叙事，令后人叹服。
      《史记》的语言大体上可分为两种，1种是人物语言；1种是叙述语言。人物语言是指《史记》中所塑造的人物的语言，1般包括独白和对话。《史记》中人物之所以传神与它的许多精彩的人物动作描写也是分不开的，经常通过寥寥数笔，就将1个人的神态跃然纸上，这些动作描写在塑造人物性格上有着举足轻重的作用。因此，我把这种动作描写也归在人物语言1类。叙述语言是指《史记》中所写的除人物语言以外的部分。它包括场面描写，事件描写和论赞语。人物语言生动，逼真，形象，传神，呼之欲出，符合人物身份；叙述语言朴素，明净，浅近，活泼，有节奏，有气势。总之，无论是人物语言也好，叙述语言也罢，都带着浓郁的个性化色彩。《史记》的人物语言和叙述语言总是有机紧密地结合在1起，通过2者的相互作用和补充，构成不可分割的艺术整体充分描写展示人物。
    关键词：史记；个性化；语言

ABSTRACT

    Si Maqian,the famous  litterateur of history of China, wroted an imperishable literature named Shi Ji. Its the starting of narrative literature of China. His Shi Ji showed some vivid characters, dramatic scenes to us. All of this benefit from his veracious, vivid and lifelike lingual individuation. Therefore, His is a great language master.  The language of Shi Ji was laid store by researchers all the time. Describeing human and circs, Si Maqian the most specialized in which, was compellent.The language of Shi Ji divided into two parts in the main. The first class is character language. the second class is narrative language. The character language indicated，the language of the fictile characters  of Shi Ji, including monologue and dialogue.  The lifelike characters of Shi Ji could not divide from brilliant description of character actions. He used simple characterization to express a vivid character. It is the most important effect to mold the makeup of a character. Thus I rank this description to the class of character language. The narrative language including scene description, affair description ,comment and praise. The character language was vividly portrayed. The narrative language was simplicity. Anyhow, Both character and narrative language are including individuation. They combined, supplied and formed exposition. （科教作文网http://zw.ΝsΕAc.Com编辑整理）
    Key words: Shi Ji; Individuation; Language