海岸带功能适宜性评价研究

【中文摘要】 新的形势对海岸带功能分区的客观性、科学性提出了更高要求,但目前海岸带功能分区的决策辅助分析在我国尚处于起步阶段,各地管理部门既有强烈的应用需求,同时又对分析模型的建设与应用普遍存在理论和方法上的不足。本文出于海岸带功能分区决策辅助的实际需要,针对海岸带功能分区的性质、原则、要求和工作过程,根据空间信息系统的技术特点,研究建立一套针对海岸带功能的适宜性评价技术方法,并在地理信息系统技术平台上进行应用实验,对其中的部分关键技术问题进行了比较系统的理论分析与应用研究,以期为海岸带功能分区决策提供技术参考。本论文主要包含以下几部分研究内容:首先总结性地介绍海岸带、海岸带功能适宜性的概念,归纳了海岸带功能适宜性包含的自然地理适宜性、经济社会适宜性、规划政策适宜性三方面,并把海岸带功能区适宜性评价的内容划分为单项功能的适宜性评价和海岸带功能次序评价两部分,从而建立起海岸带功能适宜性评价的理论构想,并根据理论构想和对评价内容之间关系的理解,结合海岸带的区位、地理、资源与环境特点,提出了海岸带功能适宜性评价的概念模型。其次,针对海岸带功能分区的性质和工作过程,结合海洋管理工作实际情况,既考虑数学分析的精确性,又考虑决策思维及思维规律,建立了以空间图层为对象,以模糊评价和层次分析为方法的海岸带功能适宜性评价理论模型,并结合GIS技术,建立起一套较完整的海岸带功能适宜性评价技术方案。最后,为使海岸带功能适宜性评价模型由理论变成系统的功能模块实体,根据模型的运行设计要求,利用地理信息系统平台进行了模型实验。以大连市渤海沿岸的金州湾和普兰店湾的海岸带作为研究实体,在大量收集资料和实地调研的基础上,运用模型对两海湾进行了评价,通过评价将研究区域划分为最适宜区、适宜区、较适宜区、一般适宜区和不适宜区五个不同适宜等级区域,然后根据适宜性评价结果,利用功能次序评价模型对海岸带进行了功能分区。

【英文摘要】 Content: The new situation for the Division of Coastal Zone features objectivity, science has put forward higher requirements. However, the Division of Coastal Zone features decision support analysis in China is still at the initial stage. For this coastal district decision support functions of the actual needs for coastal areas of functional nature, principles, requirements and work process, according to the spatial information system technical characteristics, study the establishment of a set of Coastal Zone assisted analysis of functional areas of technical methods And the geographical information system technology platform on the application of experiment, of which some of the key technical problems were more systematic analysis of the theoretical and applied research, with a view to the Coastal Zone functional areas to provide technical information and decision-making.This paper contains the following elements:First, the paper introduces the conception of coastal zone、the coastal zone appropriate function, summarize the suitability of the Coastal Zone features into the appropriateness of physical geography, economic and social appropriateness, suitability of policy planning, and the content of coastal areas suitable functional evaluation contains two parts :the individual functional suitability assessment and the order of the Coastal Zone features evaluation, which established a Coastal Zone functional area suitability assessment of the theoretical concept. And consider the principle of the marine function zoning and specific requirements, the combination of sea area, geography, resource and environmental characteristics, to the ocean function zoning suitability evaluation of the conceptual model.Second, depends on the characteristics and working process of the division of marine functional zones, combining with the actuality of the marine administration constructs the theory model of the suitability evaluation of the division of coastal functional zones.At last, in order to develop the model based on the result of operating the model and geographic information systems, the paper applies the model into practice, and makes the Jinzhou Bay and the Pulandian Bay in Dalian as research entities. The author collects a large number of research files and data of the two Gulf, and the research divides the coastal zone into five degrees:the most appropriate zoning for the area, More appropriate, appropriate for the area, the general area and not appropriate.

【中文关键词】 海岸带; 海岸带功能; 适宜性评价; 评价模型; 空间分析