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提高高中英语课堂效率探微

2017-04-25 01:08    一、典型性准绳
      所谓典型，是指例句要经典，要切中关键。例如，在教学receive/accept(模块3 Unit 1)，ashamed/shameful(模块1 Unit3)，insist的两个意义( 模块1 Unit 2)，except/except for (模块3 Unit 1)时，可用以下例句：
1) I received his gift fromhim, but I didn’t accept it. 我收到他的礼物，但我没有承受。
2) You should be ashamed of your shameful behaviors. 你应该为你的可耻的行为感到惭愧。
3) The boss insisted that the man had stolen the money and insisted that he (should) leave the company at once. 老板坚持说那个人偷了钱并坚持请求他立即分开公司。
说这三个句子典型在于用一句话分明地阐明了类似词或同一词两个容易混杂的意项的实质区别。但有时很难把它们放在一个句中，比方：
4) The composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.除了有一些拼写错误，这篇作文很好。
5) All the compositions except Tom’s are good. 一切的作文都好，除了汤姆的。
这句话的典型在于以中心词“作文”展开，很明显例4是比拟“composition”和“spelling mistakes”，例5 比拟“all thecompositions”和“Tom’s”，前者为不同类的比拟，后者为同类间的比拟。那么，两者的区别也就显而易见了。
二、示范性准绳
      所谓例句的示范指用同一例句尽量涵盖所讲内容，也就是说用多种句式或相关词汇停止造句。
例如，在教学词汇“suggest”(模块1 Unit 2)时，可运用以下的例句，
1) He suggested(me/my)visiting Wuxi. (后接动名词或动名词复合构造)
2) He suggested a visit to Wuxi. (后接名词)
3) He suggested that I (should) visitWuxi. (从句中用虚拟语气)
4) It was suggested that I (should) visit Wuxi. (主语从句)
5) His suggestion was that I (should) visitWuxi. (表语从句)
6) He made a suggestion that I (should) visitWuxi.(同位语从句) （转载自科教范文网http://fw.nseac.com）
7)His palefacesuggestedthat hemight be ill and I suggested he (should) have a rest. (比拟了suggest的两个意项)
又如，在教学“risk”(模块1 Unit 3)时，可用如下例句，
1) He risked his life to save the boy.
2) He went to save the boy at the risk of losing his life.
3) He ran/took the risk of losing his life to save the boy.
三、适时性准绳
      适时是指能适时地举一些关于最近发作在学生四周的趣事或有关国内外大事的例子，会使学生倍感新颖，让他们觉得英语离他们并不悠远，随时随地都能够学、能够用。例如，在笔者任教模块4 Unit 3时，正是世界杯开赛期间，学生对这事很感兴味，因此在课堂上教学opportunity，in one’s opinioncriticize，thrilled 选择了如下例句： 1)You are a lucky dog if you have an opportunity to attend/of attending the opening ceremony of theWorld Cup?
假如你有时机去参与世界杯开幕式，那你真是个侥幸的人。
2) In your opinion，which teamwill win theWorld Cup final?你以为哪个队会博得世界杯的决赛?
3) After narrating the match between Australia and Italy，Huang Jianxiang is criticized by the viewers for his improper narration.在讲解完澳大利亚和意大利竞赛后，黄健翔因其讲解不当而遭到观众的批判。
4)On winning the match，both the players and the fans will be thrilled. Can you imagine such a scene? 一赢竞赛，不论是运发动还是球迷都是欣喜若狂，你能够想象出这种局面吗？
四、按部就班准绳
      按部就班，指选用例句时应由浅入深，恰当发散，契合学生的认知规律，而不同意一步到位，稳扎稳打。比方，在模块1 unit 2呈现词汇“charge”，意义为“担任，掌管”，这时可给出例句：
1) Last year，the young man took charge of the farm after his father’s death. And now he is in charge of the farm./the farmis in the charge of the man.去年，那年轻人在他父亲死后就管理这个农场。如今他担任这个农场/这农场在他的担任之下。
2) He chargedme 20 yuan for repairingmybike.他帮我修车要了我20 元。
3) Delivery is free of charge. 免费送货。
以下例句为charge的其他意项，如在课堂上一并给与，效果可能是适得其反。
4)After being questioned by the police，she was set freewithout charge.她被警方传讯后，无罪释放。
5)He was charged with murder.他被指控犯有谋杀罪。
6) Before use，the batterymust be charged.电池运用前必需充电。
五、思想性准绳
      思想，指例句不只传授了言语学问，又能使他们感遭到例句中所蕴涵思想的熏陶，从而到达一箭双雕之成效。
例如，在教学“非限制定语从句”(模块1unit 3 )时，可运用如下句子：
1) As is known to everyone，TaiWan belongs to China.众所周知，台湾属于中国。
2) We have sent ShenZhouⅤ into space successfully，which shows the growth of our country’s power.我们把神州五号胜利地送入太空，这显现我们国力的加强。
在讲述模块1 Unit 2语法emptysubject“it”时用如下例句：
3) It is important and necessary for us to protect ourenvironment. 维护环境对我们来说是重要和必要的。
4)It is bad manners to speak loudly in public.在公共场所喧哗是不礼貌的。
5)It is our party that lets us live a happy life. 是党使我们过上了幸福的生活。
6)It is well known that practice makes perfect. 众所周知，游刃有余。
许多生活中的例子都是合适我们课堂教学的好资料。只需我们贴近生活，仔细察看，多阅读英文报刊，就不难找到好的例句。万事贵在锲而不舍，教员得花更多的时间和精神在备课和优化本人的教案上，真正做到事半功倍。