移就的逻辑结构与翻译

Abstract

Transferred epithet which is a kind of figure of speech, is unique and frequently used both in English and in Chinese. It is a very important rhetorical device and is widely used in our daily life and literary works. Transferred epithet makes language colorful and enriches the functions of language. It’s necessary to have a thorough understanding of the rhetorical device. This thesis probes into the definition, mainly the logical structure and translation of transferred epithet. Transferred epithet is a figure of speech where an epithet is transferred from the noun that it should rightly modify to another to which it does not really apply or belong. According to Chomsky’s theory of the surface structure and deep structure, the logical structure of transferred epithet can be divided into three main types, i.e., parallel relation, cause-effect relation, and the modifier modifying the modified relation. And the thesis states the strategy of translation of transferred epithet according to its logical structure and its degree of the deviation from the norm of language. The strategy of translation consists of five levels: (1) complete literal translation to retain the figure of speech; (2) basically literal translation, with some adjustment; (3) both literal and free translation; (4) free translation only; (5) free translation into another expression of transferred epithet.

Key Words:  transferred epithet；logical structure；translation
 

摘  要

“移就”即转移修饰是英汉语中很常见且具有特色1种修辞格。移就作为1种10分重要的修辞手法,在日常生活及文学作品中的使用大大丰富了语言色彩，扩大了语言功能。其形式多样,内涵丰富，有必要对移就作1个全面了解。本文对移就的定义，逻辑结构及其翻译技巧进行了深入地分析。移就是甲乙两项相关联，把属于形容甲事物的修饰语移属于乙事物，通常是把形容人的修饰语移用于物。根据美国当代语言学家乔姆斯基的转换生成语法中的表层结构和深层结构理论，移就的逻辑结构可分为主要的3大类，即：平等关系（或并列关系）；因果关系和修饰关系。并以移就的逻辑结构及它的超常规性，阐述了移就的翻译技巧，可分为7个层次：（1）完全直译，保留移就格；（2）基本直译，略加调整；（3）既可直译，也可意译；（4）只可意译，舍弃移就格；（5）意译另1移就表达方式。

关键词：移就；逻辑结构；翻译 （科教作文网http://zw.ΝsΕac.cOM编辑）