福斯特小说《印度之行》的后殖民主义解读

A Postcolonialist Study of Forster’s A Passage to India

Abstract

Forster is considered a major twentieth-century writer in the English literature history, and is best known for his novel A Passage to India. This thesis analyses the complex situation in Chandrapore. The typological arrangement of the city suggests the racial division between the colonizers and the colonized. The Marabar Caves, symbolize the inaccessibility with the latter’s environment charged with risk and sexual menace when clear boundaries are crossed.
The postcolonialism in A Passage to India is not complete. In the novel, India is still a land of filth, muddle and mystery; the Indians are still projected as sloth, instinctive and compulsive. The Western logic, reason and sense of order are challenged in the land of India. Therefore, we can conclude that the novel has simultaneously subverted and consolidated the colonial discourse and Forster lets out a dual voice in it.

Key Words : Colonialism; colony; E.M. Forster; A Passage to India

摘  要

福斯特是20世纪英国文学史上的1位重要作家，《印度之行》是他主要的文学作品之1。本文首先分析了昌德拉普尔城分裂的布局，这种描写暗示了殖民者和被殖民者之间的种族区分，殖民者住在占有优势地位的地方，而被殖民者则居住在低洼之地。鲜明的对比表达了英印人比印度人更文明更合理。马拉巴山洞中黑暗神秘而单调的回声象征着印度是1个难以接近的地方。
《印度之行》中的反殖民主义是不彻底的，文本殖民主义话语的痕迹明显。印度是1片肮脏，混乱神秘的土地，印度的人民依然懒惰，办事凭直觉，感情冲动，这1切都向西方人的逻辑理性和美感提出挑战。因此，我们可以得出结论，《印度之行》这部小说在颠覆了西方关于东方的殖民主义话语的同时，仍摆脱不了殖民意识。

关键词：殖民主义、殖民地、爱德华•摩根•福斯特、《印度之行》