跨文化人林语堂：以英译本《浮生六记》为例

Lin Yutang as a Successful Cultural Interpreter:A Case Study of Lin’s Translated Version of Six Chapters of a Floating Life

Abstract

Lin Yutang was always accredited with “One mind seeking the learning of ancients and moderns; two legs straddling the cultures of east and west”. Actually, it is Lin’s culture attitude—a combination of both eastern and western culture. Translating reveals the fact that cultural elements are translatable. Therefore, how to deal with cultural differences in translation is a question that deserves close investigation. Generally speaking, translation strategies concerning this question may be divided into the following two schools of thought: “domestication”, which is target language culture-oriented and “foreignization”, which is source language culture-oriented. Lin Yutang’s translation of Six Chapters of a Floating Life provides three ways to meet the needs of target language readers: using idiomatic expressions of the target language, retaining Chinese linguistic characteristics and changing the syntactic structures. Lin Yutang has done this well. This successful reproduction, to a great extent, is attributed to his skillful diction and idiomatic expression. His usage of simple but proper words and idiomatic expressions endows his translation with naturalness and fluency.

Key Words: Lin Yutang;  Six Chapters of a Floating Life;  translation strategy;
domestication;  foreignization

摘  要

作为1个文化人，林语堂1向以“两脚踏中西文化，1心评宇宙文章”自况，这句话确实标明了林语堂非常自觉自明的文化姿态—他的文化观走的是中西融合的道路。翻译活动体现了不同文化之间的交流，同时也揭示了文化差异存在可译性。因此如何处理文化差异现象是值得认真研究的问题。笼而统之，对文化因素的处理有两种主要方法：1是以源语文化为归宿的“异化”；2是以目的语文化为归宿的“归化”。林语堂的《浮生6记》英译本为翻译实践方面的研究提供了1系列可参照的方法。林氏译本中对文化差异的处理有下面3个特点：译文在说法上尽量符合英语表达习惯；有时需要保留中国文化的特点；有时需要在形式上作适当的变通。林语堂做得很好。译文遣词准确、简洁、富有表现力；在句子表达方面，如人物刻画、风景描写等与原文和谐1致，因而读来清新自然，毫无斧凿痕迹。

关键词：林语堂、浮生6记、翻译策略、归化、异化

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