浅谈提高阅读能力的技巧(1)(2)
2016-07-08 01:03
导读：When readers look over the daily newspaper to find out the main outlines, they are skimming. If they want to decide whether or not to read a certain magazine article, skimming it will help them decide
When readers look over the daily newspaper to find out the main outlines, they are skimming. If they want to decide whether or not to read a certain magazine article, skimming it will help them decide by giving them an overall impression of the article.
To skim, readers can look for one or more of these four aids: subheadings, sentences at the beginning of paragraphs, words that are repeated, or words that appear in a special kind of type. Not everything they set out to skim will have subheadings, and not every paragraph will begin with the most important sentence. But everything they need to skim will be written, so they can use at least one of the following aids. 2.1.1 Subheadings
When readers skim several pages that have subheadings, their eyes will stop at these headings because they usually appear in a different kind of type from the text or the rest of the wording on the page, so paying attention to the subheadings will help them get an overview of what is on the pages. 2.1.2 Beginnings of Paragraphs
If there are no subheadings to guide the readers when they skim, they should look at the beginnings of paragraphs to see if these sentences give clues about the content. In textbooks or newspapers, especially, the first sentence of a paragraph tells more about it. Therefore, if they look quickly at the beginnings of the paragraphs on a page, they can often get a good idea of the content of that page.2.1.3 Words that are repeated
One word clue to the content of material they are skimming is that the important words
are often repeated in various places on the page. If their eyes pick up those words as they
look quickly at the material they are skimming, they will know that the content of the page is probably about the words that are repeated most often.
2.1.4Words that appear in a special kind of type
.In some kinds of reading, especially in textbooks, important words are highlighted by a special kind of type (like boldface or italics). As these words seem different from the other words, they will probably catch readers’ eyes as they look quickly at the page. When they are so, the material readers are skimming will tell more about those particular words.
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When one begins to practice skimming, one may find that it is not faster than normal reading. However; through practice one should be able to cover materials at two or four times the rate of normal reading with comprehension that will be enough for one’s purposes.2.2. Scanning “Scanning is a reading skill to find a particular point of information quickly in a text.” [4]R120Scanning is a way of looking for specific information quickly and without reading word by word or phrase by phrase. Before the readers start scanning, they need to know what information they are looking for. Then, in scanning they look for the words or phrases that give them the needed information. Sometimes they read in order to answer a question. When they come to the information, they may slow down their reading speed and read the passage to make sure they have found the right information or to see if they want to start reading more carefully at that point.
