浅谈提高阅读能力的技巧(1)(3)
2016-07-08 01:03
导读：Scanning is very useful for readers to scan the text for particular bits of information they are searching for. Scanning techniques are particularly helpful when they want to consult a dictionary, loo
Scanning is very useful for readers to scan the text for particular bits of information they are searching for. Scanning techniques are particularly helpful when they want to consult a dictionary, looking for a certain advertisement, or finding a data or a name, when they look for the amount or the number of something, they simply look at the Arabic numerals, when they want to find the name of a person or an organization; they just scan for the words beginning with a capital letter. So scanning is quite useful for readers who want to find the exact information.
Whether readers skim or scan depends on what kind of text they are reading and what they want to get out of it. Sometimes they should use both of the two reading skills when reading a composition.3. Guessing Skill
“Words are the building blocks of reading.” [5]R37 During the process of reading, readers will come across new words. Some of them do not affect them during reading, and then they can let them be. Fast and effective reading first asks them to “tolerant” some new words, but when they come to a key word, they need to know the meaning .Of course, they have certainly learned how to use a dictionary to help them find the meanings of words and perhaps they also know that the dictionary gives them additional information. But in my opinion, I don’t think it is a good way using a dictionary all the way and it is not convenient and the best way for them to use a dictionary everyday. Otherwise, it not only wastes their time and energy, but also slows down reading speed. Without a dictionary they still may know the meaning of the words by guessing through the following ways. And they can improve their reading skills by word analysis and context clues.
3.1Word Analysis
Many English Words are built on roots and affixes of Latin and Greek. By knowing the meanings of these word elements and understanding how they can be combined to make words, readers will be able to increase their vocabulary and become a better reader. In word analysis, they may break down the unknown words into three parts .The beginning is prefix, the middle is root, and the end is suffix. Here is an example:
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Prefix root suffix
Per sist ence
(Through) (Stand) n.
Roots and affixes are the small units that can be combined in various ways to make a variety of words. Furthermore, roots and affixes are constant in meaning—they never change what they mean. For example, the word element “tri” always means “three” and the word element “able” always means “capable.” Therefore, when readers learn some of these elements, their vocabulary increase and it is also very skillful for them to guess the meaning of the words. To improve their reading skills, they should master the skill of guessing meaning and make good use of prefix and suffix. 3.1.1 Prefix
According to A comprehensive Grammar of the English Language(by Quirk etal,1985), major prefixes are classified into the following categories by their meaning：[6]R76
(ⅰ). Negative prefixes
Prefixes meaning examples
