试论英语语法教学的趣味性(1)(4)
2017-08-09 02:38
导读：In order to present the two forms “this is” and “these are”, the teacher will first hold up a book, saying “This is a book.” He or She will do the same showing other objects. Then the teac
In order to present the two forms “this is” and “these are”, the teacher will first hold up a book, saying “This is a book.” He or She will do the same showing other objects. Then the teacher holds up several books and says “These are books.” After several similar examples, it is hoped students will understand “these are” is used with plural forms of nouns. Then students are invited to apply the newly learned structure to produce sentences with given visual aids or verbal prompts. The teacher tries to say nothing except to correct when necessary. Then the teacher may elicit the grammar rule from the students.[5]4.2 The deductive method
The deductive method relies on reasoning, analyzing and comparing. In the deductive classroom, the teacher gives a grammatical explanation or rule first, and then ask them to use the rule to do a set of exercises in order to understand the grammatical point and help them master the language item. One possible way of delivering such a lesson is as follows:[6]
(a) Present the structure and explain the “rule” in a way that involves the students.
(b) Write up the language structure.
(c) Set up some activities so that the students can practice the language structure in a meaningful context. For example, the teacher may use a role play, a discussion or a piece of writing to consolidate the language structure.
When teaching the structure “used to do”, the teacher firstly presents it on the blackboard and explain its meaning and usage clearly. Then the teacher gives students some examples. After that, he or she invites students to do group work to make sentences using the structure. The group that makes the most examples will be the winner.
Besides when presenting the future tense, the teacher presents the word “will” and do the same as the above. Then he or she can ask students to do a piece of writing to check their understanding. The title may be “my dream”. And read some good writings to the class next day.
4.3 The combination of inductive method and deductive methodAmong the methods for teaching grammar, the deductive method and the inductive method have been discussed and adopted most frequently. Obviously, the inductive method is more interesting. It is believed that the inductive method is more effective in which students discover the grammar rules themselves while engaged in language use. This is especially true with grammatical regularities which are easily perceived, understood and applied. However, it is a good idea to combine both methods, which avoids the bad influences of the traditional infusing method and can motivate students.
（转载自科教范文网http://fw.nseac.com） Nowadays, the teacher combine the two methods more and more. He or She usually uses the inductive method firstly and then the deductive method, especially when teaching some more difficult grammar points. For example, when teaching the structure “If I were…, I would…”, the teacher may make sentences like this: “If I were a bird, I would be kept in a hutch.” “If I were a millionaire, I would go around the world.”… The more, the better. Then the teacher asks students to find out the similarities of the sentences and encourage them to guess its meaning or features. After that, the teacher can make further explanations on the basis of students’ understanding. And to check if they have grasped the structure, the teacher can invite students to do pair work. The students discuss with their partner and make a dialog. Finally, the teacher asks several pairs to act out and do some comments. Similarly, subjunctive mood can be taught in this way.
