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学词汇有奇招(1)(2)

2017-08-12 03:11
But“duringthepracticedirectedbydifferentkindsofapproachesormethods,itisfoundthatnoneofthemcanbeverysuccessfulinEnglishteachingwithoutstudents’developmentvocabulary….Therootoftheproblemsisthatstudentshavegreatweaknessinvocabulary.”[2]
Why?Becausetheteachingandlearningofvocabularyhasneverarousethesamedegreeofinterestwithinlanguageteachingasthatofgrammaticalcompetence,contrastiveanalysis,reading,orwriting,whichhavereceivedconsiderableattentionfromscholarsandteachers.[3]Sofromhere,wecanseethoughEnglishislearntortaughtwidelyinChinainrecentyears,generallyspeaking,learnersorteacherscasthighlightsontranslationandgrammarduringtheyearsbefore1990s.Recently,moreattentionhasbeenpaidtocommunicationinEnglishlearning.ItseemsthatvocabularyisneverstressedenoughinEnglishlearningandteaching.Inreality,emphasisonvocabularyisreasonableandfeasible.
Languageisusedasaninstrumentofcommunicationinasociety.Andvocabularyisthemostbasicelementinvolvedincommunication,becausecommunicationoftenbreaksdownwhenpeopledonotusetherightwords.
Also,theimportanceofvocabularyhasbeenpointedoutsosuchasWilkins,afamouslinguist:“Wereitnotforgrammar,alotofthingscan’tbeexpressed;however,iftherewerenowords,wecouldn’texpressanything.”[4]Soanimportantaspecttoimprovetheforeignlanguagelevelforforeignlanguagelearnersistomasterthemorphologyofthelanguagebeingstudied.
Therefore,vocabularyplayssuchanimportantroleinlanguageandlanguageacquisitionthatitispossibletolearnEnglishwithhighefficiencyifvocabularyiscenteredfromtheverybeginningtotheend.
However,Englishisrichinvocabulary;thereareabout1,000,000words.ThepracticalnumberofEnglishvocabularyisabout9,000….Tobecommunicativelycompetent,atleast5,000wordsarerequiredforagoodforeignlanguagelearnerbecausemorethan2,000wordsareessentialforanaverageconversation,andit’sadvisedthatneattricksofvocabularylearningarenecessaryforEnglishasasecondlanguagestudenttobegintomakesenseofwhattheyareaskedtoreadinschool.
Thenhowcanthestudentsmastersuchlargenumberofvocabularyeasily?Itseemsthatit’sagreatburdenforthemtomemorizealargenumberofwords.Ithasbeenlongviewedthatrecitingfromvocabularylististheonlychoice.Sometimesitworks,butitconsumesmuchtimeandbecomespoorlyefficient. （科教范文网http://fw.NSEAC.com编辑发布）
“Vocabularylearningisapermanent,strategy-basedtask,andnotjustarot-memorizingwork.Mnemonicskillsareveryimportantandnecessaryinvocabularylearning.”[5]Butifstudentsarewellawareofsomeneattricks,thatis,highlyeffectivelearningstrategies,theycanmakeappropriateuseofthoseneattricksthatthethesisoffers.Moreimportantly,theycandiscover,eveninventsomenewmethodsoftheirownwiththenewtool.“Anxietywillbelowered,andself-esteemwillbeestablished.Vocabularylearningwillbebotheffectiveandefficient.”[6]
2.Theoreticalfoundations
2.1Currentresearchfindingsoflanguagelearningstrategies(LLS)
It’sviewedthatsecondlanguagelearningstrategiescanplayaratherpervasiveroleinsecondlanguagelearning,andresearchhasprogressedbeyondsimplycountingthenumberofstrategies.
2.1.1Definionsofsecondlanguagelearningstrategies
Researchintotheareaoflanguagestrategiesbeganinearnestinthe1970s.Andsecondlanguagelearning-strategieshavebeendefinedinvariousways.