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学词汇有奇招(1)(3)

2017-08-12 03:11
“Sterntriestodistinguishbetweenstrategiesandtechniquesinsecondlanguagelearning.Accordingtohim,strategyreferstogeneraltendenciesoroverallcharacteristicsoftheapproachemployedbythelanguagelearnerwhile‘learningtechnique’referstoparticularformsofobservablelearningbehavior,moreorlessconsciouslyemployedbythelearner.”[7]
“Intheprocessofidentifyingandcategorizinglanguagestrategies,manystudentsdealtindirectlywithstrategiesspecificallyapplicabletovocabularylearning.”[8]Infact,afamouspersononcenoted:“Trainingresearchonlearningstrategieswiththesecondlanguageshasbeenlimitedalmostexclusivelytocognitiveapplicationswithvocabularytasks.”
Also,“Cohenpointsoutthatlanguagelearningandlanguageusestrategiescanbedefinedasthoseprocesseswhichareconsciouslyselectedbylearnersandwhichmayresultinactiontakentoenhancethelearningoruseofasecondorforeignlanguage,throughthestorage,retention,recall,andapplicationofinformationaboutthelanguage.”[9]
Despitethattherearesomanylanguagestrategies,fewneattricksofindividualvocabularystrategieshavebeenresearched,exceptformainstrategiesbeingguessedfromcontentandcertainmnemonics,suchasassociatingmnemonic,repeatingmnemonicandmechanicalmnemonic.Forexample:“commonwayforstudentstodealwithvocabularyisusingthebookstoreciteandspellthewordsagainandagain.Theycanrememberthepronunciation,spellingandmeaningquickly.Buttheycan’tgettherelativeknowledge,suchasbackgroundandusageofthewords.Thewordscanberememberedquicklyatashorttime,butitcanalsobeforgotteneasily.”[10]“Nevertheless,combiningtheresultsfromgenerallearningstrategyresearchwiththosefrommorevocabulary-specificstudiesallowsustoderiveanumberoftentativegeneralconclusionsaboutvocabularylearningstrategies.”[11]
2.1.2Whyarevocabulary-learningstrategiesimportant
Theimportanceofvocabularysuggeststhatitissignificantforlearnerstoacquirevocabularyinlargequantityandgoodquality.Presentresearchintovocabularystudymostlyfocusesonmemoryworkbasedonpsychologyandempiricalexperiments，likestrategiesofmemorizingvocabulary.Infact，inadditiontothese，agreatdealofresearchonvocabularylearningisworth. 中国大学排名
Vocabularylearningstrategiesareeffectivetoolsfordevelopingcommunicativecompetence,whicharetakenbythestudentstoenhanceandimprovetheirEnglishstudy.Appropriatevocabularylearningstrategiesresultinimprovingproficiencyandgaininggreatself-confidenceinvocabularylearning.Theyareusedbecausethereisalotofvocabularyforthestudentstomaster.Butthesizeofvocabularyissolargethatitisbeyondthestudents’memorizingability.Sowhatcantheydo?Highlyefficientvocabulary-learningstrategiescometotheirminds.Thosestrategiesareusedtohelpthelearnerslearnvocabularyinaquiterelaxingatmosphere,sothatmoreprofitablelearningcantakeplace.
EfficientandeffectivevocabularylearningstrategiesareessentialforasuccessfulEnglishlearningandmanystudentsneedtobetoldhowtomakeuseofthemintheirvocabularylearning.“Stressshouldbelaidontheimportanceofadoptingbothindividualandsocialstrategiesforenhancinglinguisticproficiency.TheformermightincludewatchingorlisteningtoEnglishregularly,jottingdownnewvocabularyorcomprehensionproblems，andreadingforpleasure.ThelatterisconcernedwithmaximizingopportunitiestouseEnglish.”[12]Forexample,studentshadbetterjoinintheEnglishcornerandtrytocommunicatewithothersasoftenaspossible.