论特殊防卫权中的“行凶”行为律毕业论文

摘  要

我国刑法典第210条第3款增设了1条“特殊防卫权”，即指为了使国家公共利益、本人或者他人的人身权利免受正在进行的行凶、杀人、抢劫、强奸、绑架以及其他严重危及人身安全的暴力犯罪的不法侵害，对不法暴力侵害者实施的即使是造成不法暴力侵害人伤亡后果的损害行为，而享受不负任何刑事责任的1种权利。特殊防卫权放宽了防卫限度及防卫范围是有利于鼓励防卫人积极保护自身合法权益，这也是与复杂社会相适用的。但是立法对该款“行凶”1词界定模糊，“行凶”究竟是犯罪手段还是犯罪罪名仍有争议。学界普遍认为“行凶”1词规定仍有积极功能起着保底性作用。从特殊防卫权的概念、特征等入手，针对特殊防卫权中“行凶”的立法进行论证，客观全面地分析其不足，进而提出完善建议。

关键词: 特殊防卫权；行凶；评析；建议

Abstract

In the light of section 3, article 20 of the criminal law of the Peoples Republic of China entitled “special justifiable defense right ”. The use of force upon or toward another person is justifiable when the actor believes that such force is immediately necessary for the purpose of protecting himself against death or serious bodily harm like perpetration, murder, robbery, kidnapping or sexual intercourse compelled by force or threat. The frightened person is not responsible for adopting the behavior of defending or creating the human casualties such criminal conduct. Obviously, the stipulation of special justifiable defense right has relaxed the defense limit, the defense scope.  The special justifiable defense right that is reasonable in order to encourage people protecting ones own legitimate rights and interests actively, especially in this complicated society too. But the section of law stipulates simply and dully, and legislative term is not clear. For example, recent substantive criminal law scholarship has made many arguments for the word of “perpetration”. The criminal law should attempt to distinguish between crime method and offence about the “perpetration” in a fully systematic way. Doctrines about crimes and perpetration should be defined. The definition and characteristics of the special justifiable defense right are expounded as the beginning, the legal specific contents and the shortage of which are analyzed objectively section by section. If the basic of the “perpetration” is indeed the prevention or minimization of objective societal harm, a suggestion should be put forward to perfect the special justifiable defense right.

Key words: Special justifiable defense right; Perpetration; Evaluation; Suggestion