由《孟子》看“为”字的虚词

摘   要

为”字是1个古文言虚词，在古籍中使用频率很高，在《孟子》1书中出现了469次，按照杨伯峻的观点，“为”作动词363次，做虚词106次。本文将依前人的研究理论，把“为”字的虚词用法分为6大类，即“为”的介词用法、“为”的连词用法、“为”的副词用法、“为”的助词用法、“为”的助动词用法和“为”字短语，并分别归类论述，以期对“为”字的虚词用法有1个语义、语法、语用层面的系统了解。
关键词：《孟子》；“为”；虚词用法
 

ABSTRACT

Word “wei” is an ancient classical Chinese form word, its frequency of utilization is very high among ancient books, it appears 469 times in book Mencius, according to YangBojun’s viewpoint, " wei " does verbs 363 times in book Mencius and makes the form word 106 times. This text will rely on the research theories which our forefathers have done, devide the form word usage of "wei " into six big kinds, namely the preposition usage , the conjunction usage , the adverbial word usage ,the auxiliary word usage, the auxiliary verb usage and the character phrases of “wei” , sorting out and describing separately , expect to give the form word usage of "wei" a semanteme, grammar , language understanding with the stratification plane system.
Key words: Mencius; “wei”; the form word usage