谚语翻译中的文化差异

Cultural Differences in Translating Proverbs

Abstract

As a fixed and brief short phrase or sentence, formed by long time and repeated use, proverb is a kind of phraseology, an important part of language, a main expression of language’s national form, means of rhetoric. It reflects the pith and marrow of culture. Because of the differences of natural geography environment, religious beliefs, habits and customs, fables and myth, and culture and art, English proverbs and Chinese proverbs carry on different national cultural characteristics and information. Proverbs are closely related to cultural tradition and they are inseparable. The cultural differences of proverbs cause  difficulties in translation. Whether literal translation, free translation or the combination of literal translation and free translation should be used depends on concrete language environment. This thesis makes some exploration on the translation of proverbs based on the theory of pragmatics.

Key Words: proverb; origin; characteristics; cultural differences; translation methods

摘  要

谚语，是熟语的1种，是语言的重要组成部分，是语言的民族形式和各种修辞手段的集中表现，是经过长期反复使用后自然沉积形成的形式固定，简洁明快，喻意深刻的短语或短句。它反映了文化的精髓。由于不同的自然地理环境、宗教信仰、风俗习惯、寓言神话以及文学艺术诸多方面的差异，英、汉谚语承载着不同的民族文化特色和不同的文化信息。他们与文化传统紧密相连，不可分割。谚语中的文化因素构成了翻译中的困难。直译、意译或者直译与意译的结合，则要根据具体的语言环境来定。本文借助语用学的观点，对英汉谚语的翻译做1些探索。

关键词：谚语、来源、特点、文化差异、翻译方法

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