元认知策略与英语听力学习

The application of Metacognitive Strategies In English Listening Learning
Abstract

Listening is one of the main communicating methods in peoples daily life. According to the research of linguists, during the process of peoples using languages to communicate with others, the percentages of listening, speaking, reading and writing are 45 % ,30 % ,16% ,and 9 % respectively. It is obvious that listening occupies an important position in foreign languages teaching and learning. Metacognitive strategies are important ways in English listening learning. It means people regard their own cognitive system as cognitive target to realize and regulate the cognitive process. It has two aspects about Cognition of the cognitive，regulation and control of cognition. Results of the research show that metacognitive strategy-based training is helpful for students in arousing their awareness of using strategy in English learning, improving their listening competence and achievements in listening tests, bringing about more positive emotional experience, such as enthusiasm, clear motives, self-confidence, and so on.

Key Words: Listening; metacognitive strategies; cognition; predicting; self-monitoring; self-assessing

摘  要

听力是人们日常生活中用在交流上1种主要方法。根据语言学家的调查研究，人们在使用语言交流时，听、说、读、写各占的百分比分别是45%、30%、16%、9%。由此可见听力在外语教学中的重要地位。元认知策略就是英语听力学习的重要方法。元认知策略是指人们把关注自我的认知系统作为认知目标，体会和调节自我的认知过程。它包括认知过程的认知和认知的监控调节两个方面。研究表明元认知策略培训有助于增强学生听力学习的策略使用意识，有助于提高初中生英语听力学习能力和测试成绩，对不同性别、不同水平学生的听力学习能力有不同程度的积极影响，并能够增强初中生英语听力学习的情感体验，激发听力学习的热情，明确听力学习动机，增强听力学习的自信心。

关键词: 听力、元认知策略、认知、预测、自我监控、自我评估

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