宗教对中美节假日的影响

The impact of religions on the Festival in China and America

Abstract

For humans, the religion has been an important part of culture and history. Everywhere in the world has the trace of religion, China and America are not the exception. About one third American people are Christian, many important holidays, such as Christmas, Thanksgiving Day, Easter, were based on the religion, this reflects that the influence of the religion on American culture is so deep. As a contrast, although Three Doctrines of China, Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism, influence the society so deep too, the holiday which based on religion are not as popular as Christianity holiday. Some folk custom holidays, such as Spring Festival, Pure and Bright Festival and Dragon Boat Festival, are became so popular in contrast. From this we know that the influence of religion on the culture is little in China. These show little differences of religion and culture between China and America. This thesis will introduce the origin of religion firstly, and introduce some Chinese holidays and American holidays which based on religions respectively, and then I will analyze the difference of culture between China and America.

Key Words: religions; festivals; cultural difference; the characteristic of religion; native culture; the origin of religion

摘  要

对人类来说，宗教已成为文化与历史中1个重要的组成部分。在世界上的每1个地方都有着宗教的痕迹，中美两国也不例外。美国的基督教徒约占其国民的3分之2，其国内许多重要的节日，譬如圣诞节、感恩节、复活节等都是基于宗教而来的，由此折射出美国文化受宗教的影响之深。与美国相反的是,儒、道、佛3大宗教虽然在中国影响深远，传播广泛，但与宗教有关的节日却少之又少，且影响局限于其教众内，对普通民众影响不大，其它民俗 性的节日，如春节、清明节、端午节反而流传下来成为举国而行的节日，由此我们可以看出中国文化受宗教的影响较小。这可能是中美两国宗教与文化中的1个小差异吧。本文从宗教入手，详细介绍了宗教的起源，分别介绍了中美两国与宗教相关的节日，再进1步分析两国文化之间的差异。

关键词：宗教、节日、文化差异、宗教特征、本土文化、宗教起源

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