英语教学中学生元认知能力的培养

Cultivation of the Students’ Metacognitive Ability in English Teaching

Abstract

In the seventies of the twentieth century, American psychologist Flavell put forward the term of “metacognition”. Metacognition， which focuses on people’s self-consciousness and self-control of cognitive activities, includes metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive experience and metacognitive monitor. The main function of metacognition is to offer students information about cognitive activities or activity development. Metacognition is the key of study strategy and study strategy transfer. And the most important part of metacognition is metacognitive strategy. Graham believes that metacognitive strategies, which allow students to plan, control, and evaluate their learning, play the most central role in the improvement of learning.
This thesis tries to explore how to cultivate the students’ metacognitive abilities in English teaching through combination of metacognitive strategy and metacognitive awareness and at the same time, help students learn to make study plans, control study process, self-evaluate and take remedial measures to improve their abilities of autonomous learning.

Key Words: English teaching; metacognitive strategy; metacognitive awareness; cultivation of ability

摘  要

20世纪70年代，美国心理学家弗拉维尔提出了元认知这1术语。元认知包括元认知知识、元认知体验和元认知监控，其实质是人们对认知活动的自我意识和自我调控。元认知的主要功能是向学生提供有关认知活动或活动进展的信息，它是学习策略结构的核心，是学习策略迁移的关键。而元认知策略是元认知的重要组成部分。Graham 认为元认知策略可以让学生自主安排，控制和评价他们的学习，它对学习的提高起着关键性的作用。 内容来自www.nseac.com
基于这1点，本文通过阐述元认知的内涵和从元认知策略以及元认知意识方面来探讨怎样在英语课堂上培养学生的元认知能力，从而提高学生自主学习的能力。

关键词：英语教学、元认知策略、元认知意识、能力的培养

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