记忆的力量--托尼.莫里森的《宠儿》的文化解读

The Power of Memory -- A Cultural Interpretation in Beloved

Abstract

Toni Morrison is one of the greatest black women figures in the field of contemporary American literature. Her first awarded book Beloved explores the physical, emotional, and spiritual devastation brought about by slavery, a devastation that continues to haunt those ex-slaves even when they are free now. But repression of memories of slavery does not secure emancipation from their nightmarish past. This thesis, in the view of culture, states the power of memory in Beloved. Only by confronting their past, revisiting and reshaping their past, can the black people claim their self-empowered identity and retrieve their subjectivity in their persistent attempts to name and rename themselves, in their unconscious efforts to resist the master discourse that disregards, denies and disroots their identities. And when they walk out of the shadows of slavery and isolation, integrate themselves into their community, African Americans can obtain their real emancipation spiritually.

Key Words: Toni Morrison; Beloved, slavery; cultural loss；cultural restoration; cultural healing 

摘  要

托尼•莫里森是当代美国最伟大的黑人女性小说家之1。莫里森的第1部获奖作品《宠儿》探讨的是奴隶制对奴隶造成的肉体上的、精神上的和情感上的劫掠。直到这些奴隶重获自由之后，那种劫掠依然阴魂不散，困扰着他们的身心。尽管奴隶制话语蔑视、否定和剥夺了他们的身份，但是，单凭对过去奴隶制记忆的压制并没有使他们从惨痛的过去中解放出来。本从文化的角度阐述《宠儿》中记忆的力量。他们只有直面过去，重新审视过去，通过给自己命名来找回自我，建立主体身份，走出奴隶制的阴影，并从孤立无援中走出来，和所有黑人、白人融为1体，才能获得精神上的真正解放。

关键词: 托妮•莫里森、《宠儿》、文化失落、文化重建 、文化治愈

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