解读《麦田里的守望者》的狂欢化色彩

The Carnivalesque Spirit in The Catcher in the Rye

Abstract

This thesis tries to apply the carnival theory of Bakhtin to have a new understanding of The Catcher in the Rye—the representative work of American writer Salinger. In this novel, the author makes full use of the comic techniques such as banter, satire and ridicule. With the vivid portrayal of different kinds of the carnivalesque collective, he tries to blaspheme the holy things and dispel solemnity. On the other hand, through the analysis of Holden’s crowning and decrowning, this thesis shows us that people had greatly reacted on the subversion and rebuilding of the modern society. And the author also reveals human’s perplexity and loss through the dramatic description of the rogue and the fool.

Key Words: Bakhtin; carnivalesque; crowning; decrowning; Holden; dialogue

摘 要

本文引入巴赫金的狂欢化理论来解读美国作家塞林格的代表作 《麦田里的守望者》。小说中作者大量运用戏谑、讽刺、讥笑等手法，以嬉笑怒骂的方式亵渎神圣，以广场的卑俗语言消解庄严，加上对各种狂欢化人物表演的刻画，使狂欢化喜剧色彩得到了鲜明的凸现。小说通过对主人公霍尔顿的加冕和脱冕，深刻揭示了现代社会中人们对社会秩序的颠覆和重构。而作者对文中无赖和傻瓜形象的生动描述，则揭露了人们在现实生活中对理想和真实的困惑与迷失。

关键词: 巴赫金、狂欢化、加冕、脱冕、霍尔顿、对话

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