论哈代悲剧小说中的因果关系

摘   要

本文在整体上把握哈代悲剧小说特点的前提下，通过对哈代悲剧小说中主人公由于社会原因和性格原因酿成的悲剧的描写，展现出英国当时的社会背景和广大农民群众的悲惨命运；探讨出造成小说中主人公悲剧命运的主客观原因；阐述出哈代悲剧小说中社会因素和人物悲剧命运构成的因果关系，人物自身性格和悲剧命运构成的因果关系以及哈代本人的宗教观与人物悲剧之间构成的因果关系；表现出小说中主人公悲剧命运的必然性；从而使哈代悲剧小说中的悲剧性更加鲜明、更加突出；进而表明哈代笔下人物的悲剧是时代的悲剧，社会的悲剧，是宗法制农村社会衰亡的1曲无尽的挽歌。
关键词：哈代；悲剧；因果关系

ABSTRACT

This article grasps the Hardy tragedy novel characteristic in the whole under the premise,Through to Hardy tragedy novel in leading character because the social reason and the disposition reason breeds the tragedy description, unfolded the English then society background and the general farmers populaces pitiful destiny; Discusses creates in the novel the leading character tragedy destiny of the subjective and the objective reason; Elaborated in the Hardy tragedy novel the social factor and the character tragedy destiny constitution causal relation, character own disposition and the tragedy destiny constitution causal relation as well as Hardy between the religious idea and the character tragedy constitutes causal relation; Displays in the novel the leading character tragedy destiny inevitability; Thus causes in the Hardy tragedy novel the tragedy brighter, to be  more prominent; Then indicated the Hardy writing characters tragedy is the time tragedy, societys tragedy, is an ancestor legal system countryside society declining tune inexhaustible elegy.