物理摆测重力加速度g值的实验研究

物理摆测重力加速度g值的实验研究
 
摘要：本文根据物理摆的微振动理论，针对J—LD23型物理摆，用4种不同方法测量当地重力加速度,并利用计算机对测量数据进行分析。第1种方法利用复摆的共轭性，采用Mathematica软件作 图，从而找寻到共轭点，进而求出g值。第2种方法根据复摆的周期公式，采用解方程组的方式求出g值。第3种方法采用最小2乘法从测量数据中计算得到拟合直线方程，从而获得g值大小。第4种方法采用凯特可逆摆测g值大小。最后得到了4种不同方法所测出的g值，并对误差来源及4种方法的优劣进行了简要分析。
关键词：物理摆;周期;重力加速度；可逆摆。
Experimental study of measuring the value of the acceleration of gravity with the physical pendulum
 
Abstract: Based on the analyses to the small vibration of the physical pendulum,we can use the  physical pendulum of J—LD23 to measure the value of g by four different ways ,and analyze these data which were measured by computer. In the first way,we know the conjugacy of the physical pendulum,so we can find the conjugacy point through making the diagram of   by using Mathematica and get the value of g.In the second way,based on the formula of the physical pendulum’s period,we can get the value of g through solving the simultaneous equations.In the third way, we can get the line of fit through using the least square method and get the value of g.In the forth way ,we use reversible pendulum to measure the value of g.At last,we get the value of g which were mensured by these four methods ,analyzing the sourses of the errors and the advantages and disadvantages of these four methods.
Keywords: physical pendulum;period; acceleration of gravity;reversible pendulum.
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