实用文本类型及翻译策略

On Strategies of Translating Pragmatic Text

Abstract

German School’s functionalist approaches, as a break with the concept of “equivalence” theories, try to liberate the translator from the restrain of source language. It regards translating as a purposeful activity which should take the requirements of both the readers and clients into account. According to Qing Xiubai’s classification, pragmatic text is all kinds of texts except literature text, including bibliography, technique report, advertisement, tourist materials etc. This thesis makes a systematic study of the framework theories of functionalist approaches which includes“Skopostheorie”,“Theory of Translation Action. Based on Pragmatic Texts Theory, the author attempts to apply functionalist theory to the translation of pragmatic texts and discusses the appropriate strategies such as instrumental and documentary translation. As the study, the thesis finds that functionalist approaches and the theory of the text typology can serve as a theoretical guideline for the translation of pragmatic texts of different functions.

Key Words: functionalist theory; pragmatic texts; text typology;
translation strategies

摘 要

翻译不仅是1项语言活动，还是1项跨文化的交际活动。德国功能翻译理论作为对“等值”观的重大突破,试图把翻译从原语的束缚中解放出来，从译者的角度阐释翻译活动，认为翻译是1种需要考虑读者和客户要求的目的性行为。根据秦秀白的分类，广义的实用文本是指除文学以外的1切文本，包括自传、技术报告、通知、旅游文本、合同书、广告、契约、新闻等等。本文较系统地研究了功能翻译理论中“目的” “翻译行为理论”，以实用文本分类说为切入点，通过分析实用型文本的特点及汉英实用文本翻译实例，探讨针对不同翻译目的和文本类型的翻译策略及方法：如纪实翻译，工具翻译等。研究结果表明，功能翻译理论为时政、经贸、旅游 、广告等功能不同的汉英实用型文本翻译提供了较有价值的理论依据，具有现实指导意义。

关键词：功能翻译理论、实用文本、文本类型、翻译策略

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