文化冲突中的生存困境:论托尼.莫里森《最蓝的眼

The Survival Dilemma in the Culture Conflict: A Study of Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye

Abstract

The Bluest Eye is the debut of the American black writer Toni Morrison. The novel tells the tragic story of an eleven-year-old black girl Pecola who yearns for the bluest eye everyday. However, in a white value dominant society, the little girl’s imagination for happy life is crushed by reality, and finally she falls into madness.
The thesis is mainly on the survival dilemma of the black in white culture dominant society. The first part, based on the postcolonial perspective, is about culture pressure. And the author illustrates it from two aspects of culture institutions: education and mass media; the second part centers on the devastating social psychology effect to blacks. With the white aesthetic standard, the black regard the blackness as ugliness and lost themselves. They are lack of careness and helpfulness to each other. All these lead to Pecola’s tragic fate. The third part exposes the black’s way of survive through characters. Comparing with the Breedloves’ discarding of black tradition, the MacTeers soothe their souls with blues songs and fight with the reality. Therefore, they live through the white dominant society.

Key Words: Toni Morrison; The Bluest Eye; postcolonism; white culture; black culture

摘  要

《最蓝的眼睛》是托尼•莫里森的第1部作品。讲述的是1个年仅11岁的黑人女孩佩克拉极度渴望1双蓝眼睛的故事。然而，在1个白人文化价值占统治地位的社会里，黑人女孩对美好人生的幻想被丑陋的现实击得粉碎而最终导致精神失常。
本文讨论了在白人主流文化社会中黑人的生存困境。共分为3部分，第1部分：以后殖民主义理论为基础，分析白人文化占统治地位的社会里，黑人所受到的文化压迫。并从文化机构中教育和大众媒体两个具体方面加以阐述；第2部分：着重分析了文化机构给黑人带来的社会心理上的伤害。在以白为美的社会里，黑人以黑为丑，迷失了自我，黑人之间缺乏爱心和帮助。这些最终导致了佩克拉的悲剧命运；第3部分：通过人物命运对比揭示了黑人的生存之路。

关键字：托尼•莫里森、《最蓝的眼睛》、后殖民主义、 白人文化、 黑人文化

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