汉英翻译中的断句处理

Sentence Division in C-E Translation

Abstract

Because of the differences in cultural background and thinking mode between the east and the west, as well as disparities in sentence structure and convention of expression between Chinese and English, sentence division in Chinese-English translation is inevitable. Chinese belongs to parataxical language. It means language unit in Chinese, such as word or sentence are mainly connected by semantic relations. However, English is a typical hypotaxical language, which has evident language marks such as inflection, prepositions and conjunctions, to name just a few. As differences exist between Chinese and English, there is no definite standard in sentence division. Based on the existing research results made in translation theories, this thesis just puts forward some suggested methods concerning splitting long Chinese sentence in Chinese-English translation, and examines some reasons for improper splitting in translation.

Key Words: Chinese-English translation; sentence structure; sentence division; parataxis; hypotaxis

摘 要

由于中西方文化思维和表达习惯不同，以及汉英句子结构的差异，汉译英时，尤其是复杂汉语长句译成英语时，常常需要断句。汉语的1个显著特征是它的意合性。词与词，句与句等语言单位主要凭借语意上的关联进行，往往没有明显的外形标记。而英语则与汉语大相径庭，它是典型的形合语言，使用明显的外形标记如曲折变化、介词、连词等，还可以用语法手段表示话题内部的语义关系。由于汉英句子结构的差异和汉语句界规定的随意性，断句处理并无确定的标准，译者往往根据自身经验和习惯来进行断句，本文只是在前人研究的基础上提出1些基本的断句原则，以求在汉英翻译时尽量避免由于汉语句界的随意性问题。

关键词：汉英翻译、句子结构、断句、意合、形合

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