莎士比亚戏剧中丑陋的小丑

Ugly Jester in Shakespearean Drama

Abstract

As the greatest British playwright, William Shakespeare had written 37 famous plays throughout his life. It is believed that a lot of readers would become deeply impressed by the jesters in Shakespeare’s plays, who may have ugly semblance and strange attire and their quick-witted and coarse language as well. The theory applied in this thesis relies on aesthetics developing in three parts, namely, the origin of jester, ugliness presented in Shakespearean drama and function of ugly jesters in Shakespearean drama, in order to illustrate the significance of jesters in Shakespearean drama: the spokesman of the author.

Key Words: Shakespeare; drama; jester; ugly; Aesthetics value

摘  要

作为英国最伟大的作家，莎士比亚1生写了37部著名的戏剧，相信看过莎士比亚戏剧的读者都会对戏剧中小丑这1角色有很深的印象，这些小丑有着丑陋的外表，奇怪的装束，但最让人难忘的是他们的语言，即机智幽默又粗俗难听。本文将在美学的基础上，通过小丑的起源、莎剧中小丑的丑态呈现以及丑陋的小丑在莎士比亚戏剧中的作用这3个方面的研究，来阐述小丑在莎士比亚戏剧中的重要意义：在莎剧中，他们是作者的代言人，在戏剧里，作者借小丑的语言评价讽刺其他角色，从而体现出当时社会的现实。

关键词：莎士比亚、戏剧、小丑、丑陋、美学价值

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