惠特曼对郭沫若《女神》创作的影响研究

A Study of Walt Whitman’s Influence upon GuoMoRuo’s Writing of “The Goddesses”

Abstract

 During the May Fourth Movement, Chinese intellectuals turned to the west in search of handy models that could serve as a catalyst of socio-political reform and national independence. Therefore, as an important part of the May Fourth enlightenment movement, the new poets and writers provided a systematic translation and introduction of carefully selected western romanticists like Byron, Shelly and Whitman. And they deflower the poetic spirits from them. One of the representatives of this period is Guo Moruo. His first poetic collection “The Goddesses”, the greatest achievement of the May Fourth poetic innovation, directly deprived from Whitman’s “Leaves of Grass”. “The Goddesses” rids Chinese old structure and creating a free and lively poetic form that is more suitable for the expression of modern life and a poetic thought of “The pursuit of freedom” which was badly needed in China then. Through the analysis of many poems of the two poets, the thesis discusses the reason of the influence from both the internal causes of the poet and the time in which he lived.

Key Words: Free verse; freedom; Guo Moruo; Walt Whitman; Influence.
 
摘 要

在54期间，中国的学者们向西方寻求社会改良的催化剂和民族独立的良方。因此，此时的新诗人作为54启蒙运动的重要组成部分，翻译了大量西方浪漫主义作家如：拜伦、雪莱和惠特曼的作品，并从中吸取营养。作为此时的代表作家---郭沫若以及他的第1部诗集《女神》，直接从惠特曼的《草叶集》中吸取精华，成为54诗歌改革最耀眼的成果之1。《女神》摆脱了中国旧的诗体结构，创造了1种更为生动自由的新诗体，使得它能更好的表达现代生活，并从中吸取了“对自由的追求”这1中国当时急需的精神。通过将《女神》与惠特曼的诗歌作简单的比较，可以比较顺利的找出惠特曼对《女神》影响的各个方面。本文在大量分析两位诗人的诗歌的基础上，从诗人的内在原因和他所处的时代来讨论引起此影响的原因。

关键词：自由体诗、自由精神、郭沫若、惠特曼、影响 

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