甘草水制广地龙饮片质量标准研究论文

【摘要】 目的 建立甘草水制广地龙饮片的质量标准。方法 按2005年版《中国药典》附录ⅨH水分测定法中的第一法、附录ⅨK灰分测定法和附录ⅩA浸出物测定法测定;采用HPLC法测定饮片中的次黄嘌呤和肌苷的含量。结果 甘草水制广地龙饮片质量标准为：水分含量≤5.0%，总灰分含量≤10.0%，酸不溶性灰分含量≤5.0%，水溶性浸出物浓度≥20.0%，乙醇浸提物浓度≥8.0%;次黄嘌呤含量≥0.006%，肌苷含量≥0.40%。结论 建立了较完善的甘草水制广地龙饮片的质量标准，改变了过去仅依靠经验和感官判断的鉴定方法。

【关键词】 甘草水制广地龙;水分测定;灰分测定;浸出物测定;次黄嘌呤;肌苷

Study on quality standard for the liquorice processed Pheretima aspegillum

　　TAN Jun瞴ing1,XIE Yuan2,KE Xiao瞴an2,LI Zhong2,3

　　(1.The First Affinity Hospital, Hunan University of Tradition Chinese Medicine, Changsha,Hunan 410007,China; 2.School of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical College, Guangzhou,Guangdong 510006,China;

　　3.Department of pharmaceutics, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha,Hunan 410208,China)Abstract:Objective To establish a quality standard for the liquorice processed Pheretima aspegillum.Methods Samples were determined according to the procedures recorded in the Appendix ⅨH, ⅨK and ⅩA of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2005), for moisture, ashes and extracts determination respectively, and the content of hypoxanthine and inosine was determined by HPLC.Results Temporary quality standards were established that the moisture in P. aspegillum should be less than 5.0%, with the total ashe content below 10.0%, acid insoluble ashe content lower than 5.0%, the content of water extract higher than 20.0%, and the ethanol extract should be higher than 8.0%, hypoxanthine higher than 0.006%, and inosine higher than 0.40%.Conclusion This research changed traditional methods of judging quality based on experiences and senses, and established a good quality standard for the liquorice processed P. aspegillum.

　　Key words:liquorice瞤rocessed Pheretima aspegillum; moisture determination; ashes determination; extract determination; hypoxanthine; inosine

　 广地龙是钜蚓科动物参环毛蚓 Pheretima aspegillum (E.Pettier)的干燥体，主产于广东和广西，为广东的道地药材[1]。其性咸寒，有清热、平肝、正喘、通络之功效，主治高热狂躁、惊风抽搐、风热头痛、目赤、中风半身不遂、喘息等疾病[2]。历代医家所用的地龙炮制品众多，在广东及香港现广泛应用甘草水制广地龙饮片，其目的是使其质地松脆、增效减毒、矫臭矫味以便于煎制服用。近代研究发现次黄嘌呤是广地龙平喘主要有效成分之一，有扩张支气管作用，并能对抗组胺及毛果芸香碱引起的支气管收缩发挥平喘作用[3]。肌苷又称为次黄嘌呤核苷，在酸性及高温条件下容易分解为次黄嘌呤等有关物质[4]。据研究发现：广地龙越粗壮，其饮片中的肌苷含量越高[5]。2005年版《中国药典》中“地龙”的[炮制]项下只收录了生地龙一种，且地龙的常规检查项目下没有收载醇溶性浸出物检查和有效成分的含量测定。目前尚未制定甘草水制广地龙的质量标准，现有文献多为对广地龙饮片中的琥珀酸[6]和次黄嘌呤等成分[7～9] 进行含量测定, 甘草水制广地龙饮片的质量控制仍停留在经验或古法的基础上。因此，为了保证甘草水制广地龙这种地方习用炮制品的质量，本实验采用常规检查结合HPLC法测定饮片中的次黄嘌呤和肌苷含量的方法，对甘草水制广地龙饮片进行质量标准研究。

　　1 仪器与试药