从汉语中英语借词的翻译看文化交流

Exploring the Cultural Communication by Studying the Translation of the English Loanwords in Chinese

Abstract

Cultural contacts will inevitably bring about English loanwords, and that the occurrence of loanword is a natural socio-cultural phenomenon. First the thesis provides a definition of loanwords and accounts the historical development of loanwords from English into Chinese. Then, based on numbers of comparisons and analyses, five popular translating methods are summed up: transliteration, semantic translation, explanatory translation, pidgins and acronym. At mean time, it noted that the principles of the translation, such as being understandability, acceptability, conventionality and applicability should be abided. Besides, both the linguistic and cultural influences of English loanwords as the carriers of western culture on Chinese are also analyzed in this thesis. At last, according to the varying attitudes of scholars, the thesis concludes that people should invite the English loanwords rather than force against the healthy development of them.

Key Words: loanwords; translation; cultural communication; influence
 
摘  要

外来词的产生是文化接触的必然产物，是1种自然的社会语言现象。本文首先界定了外来词的概念并陈述英语借词在汉语中的发展历程；在比较和分析前辈对英语借入汉语途径不同的基础上，总结出英语借词的翻译技巧主要包括音译、意译、阐述法、英汉夹杂和缩略语借用，并指出借词的翻译应准确明白，尊重文化差异，遵循惯译和简洁实用；接着，深入讨论作为西方文化传播载体的英语借词对汉民族传统文化的影响和冲击；另外,文章针对学者们在汉语借词现象上的争议,提出外来词的借入不仅能丰富汉语的语言宝库,还会给中国文化带来先进的科学技术和思想等，提出我们应该以更开放的心态和更强烈的地球村的意识，来积极吸收消化借词。

关键词：借词、翻译、文化交流、影响

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