图式理论与英语专业阅读教学

Schema Theory and Extensive Reading Teaching for English Majors.

Abstract

Schema theory holds the view that reader’s background knowledge plays a
significant role in the process of reading. When a student read, he should use top-down process，bottom-up process and interactive process to accomplish reading. No matter which process they use, their background knowledge should be utilized correctly and appropriately. The newly revised College English Syllabus states clearly that reading is one of the most important skills in English study. But there exists some problems in extensive reading teaching for English majors, which result in failing to cultivate students reading ability. To deal with this problem, this paper focuses on the application of schema theory to the teaching of reading and gives some suggestions which should be the principle of the teaching. For example, the teachers should help students build new background knowledge and activate them; the classroom should be student-centered; much attention should be paid to text structure; reading skills should never be neglected.  

Key Words: schema theory; extensive reading teaching; background knowledge; teaching principles 

摘  要

图式理论认为，读者的背景知识在阅读中起着非常重要的作用。当学生阅读时, 他应该采用“自上而下”的阅读过程、“自下而上”的方法以及交互的方式来完成阅读。无论他们运用哪种模式他们的背景知识都应该被准确的、有效的的激活。新修订的教学大纲强调，阅读是英语学习中最重要的技巧之1，然而英语专业阅读教学中存在的1些问题影响到学生的阅读能力的提高。根据这1问题，本文着重讲述了图式理论在英语专业阅读教学中的应用并且提出了1些建议作为教学中应该注意的原则。如教师要注意帮助学生建立并激活新图式；课堂应以学生为中心；重视文章的结构；注重各种阅读技巧的应用。

关键词：图式理论、英语阅读教学、背景知识、教学原则

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