图式理论在阅读教学中的应用研究

Schematic Theory and its Effects on the Teaching of English Reading

Abstract

Traditional way of teaching that teachers focus on teaching single words, phrases or grammatical points does not make students’ reading comprehension improve much. In contemporary approaches, reading means the result of the interaction between reader and text. Schema theory describes the process that readers combine their own background knowledge with the information in a text to comprehend a text. It has been increasingly attracted educators’ attention by its effect in English teaching.
Based on schema theory, this thesis attempts to apply schema theory to the teaching of English reading. The teacher should have a deep understanding that students schemata play a very important role in reading comprehension. The teacher can use different methods to activate students existing schemata or help students build new schemata in order to improve students’ reading ability and develop students’ autonomy in reading.

Key Words: background knowledge; schematic theory; types; the teaching of reading; application

摘  要

传统的只注重单词，词汇和语法点的语言教授方法, 使学生的阅读理解能力的提高受到了限制。在现代阅读观中，理解被认为是读者和文章相互作用的结果。图式理论描述的是读者结合自己的背景知识和文章中的信息来理解文章的过程。在外语教学中,图式理论作为1种理论模式，其作用已逐渐受到教育者的关注。
本以图式理论为依据,探讨具体将图式理论应用到阅读理解的教学实践中。教师应充分认识到学生的图式知识在阅读理解中起着1个10分重要的作用。教师应根据不同的教学情况，采取不同的教学方法，尽量激活学生已有的图式或帮助学生建立新的图式，从而提高学生阅读理解能力和自主阅读能力。

关键词：背景知识、图式理论、类型、应用、建议、阅读教学

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