英汉习语中的喻体对比与翻译

On Vehicle Contrast and Translation in English and Chinese Idioms
Abstract

Idioms are an important component part of English. They are a special phenomenon in language and the quintessence of vocabulary. When you use English, no matter listening, speaking, reading, writing or translating, you are unavoidable to contact to idioms. In the idioms learning, vehicles take up a very important place, the English idioms and the Chinese idioms are using vehicles in metaphor. They transmit the metaphoric meaning through the vehicle, but there are differences and connection between them. This thesis compares the vehicles of the two languages and raises some translation methods from four aspects. In the whole thesis the points are comparing the vehicles of Chinese and English idioms and how to translate the vehicles. It introduces five methods of translation, i.e. mutual translation, literal translation, literal translation with a note, replacing the original vehicle and free translation. With these methods, we will go to a higher step in translation. It uses the method by giving examples to compare the vehicles of the two languages. It hopes to benefit the readers in an easy way.

Key Words: idiom; vehicle; culture difference; translation strategy; image; contrast

摘  要

习语是英语的重要组成部分，它是1种特殊的语言现象，也是词汇的精华，只要你使用英语，不管是听，说，读，写，译的哪1项，你都免不了要接触习语。在习语的学习中，喻体又占据着非常重要的地位，英语的习语和汉语的成语都在比喻中使用喻体，通过喻体来传达喻义，但它们之间是有着区别和联系的。本文主要从4个方面对英汉习语喻体作了对比研究并提出了1些适用的翻译技巧。纵观全文，整篇文章的着眼点在于对比英汉习语中喻体及如何翻译喻体。在如何翻译方面，本文介绍了5种方法，即：互译法、直译法、直译加注法、替换原喻体、意译法。了解了这几种方法，我们就为更好地翻译习语迈出了意义重大的1步。本文采用举例的方法对英汉习语的喻体进行了比较，希望能用最简单明了的方式使读者从中受益。

关键词：习语、喻体、文化差异、翻译策略、意象、对比

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